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Pharmacology LEVEL 1 LPN > Pharm Exam 1 > Flashcards

Pharm Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Therapeutic Effect

A

Is the desired action of a specific medication. It is the predicted physiological response to the medication.

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2
Q

Side Effect

A

Are actions or effects of the medication other than the action that is desired.

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3
Q

Adverse Effects

A

Are negative, unwanted response to a mediation, may be mild or life threatening.

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4
Q

Toxic Effects

A

Effects or actions that are harmful or potentially harmful result for the client. May be cause taking meds for a long time, or when the med accumulates to higher then therapeutic levels in the blood due to impaired metabolism or excretion

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5
Q

Idiosyncratic Reactions

A

Are unexpected and unpredictable effects of a medication

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6
Q

Allergic Reactions

A

Are an immune response to the medication. They are unpredictable Response, can be mild to life threatening

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7
Q

Medication interaction

A

Meds can interact and on can modify the action of the other medication. Can happen when a client is on many meds and it’s undesired, or the meds interactions may be desired.

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8
Q

Tolerance

A

It’s the decreased response to repeated administration of a medication. It necessitates an increase in dosage to maintain a desired effect.

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9
Q

Dependence

A

Is the physiological and psychological need for a medication, when removed symptoms may occur

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10
Q

Nephrotoxicity

A

Toxic to the kidneys, or compromised kidney functions

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11
Q

Additive effect

A

Drug interaction which the combination of two or more drugs the sum of effects.

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12
Q

Synergistic effect

A

Drug interaction in which the effort of a combination of two or more drugs in greater then the sum of the parts

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13
Q

Toxic effect

A

Being poisonous

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14
Q

Partial Agonists

A

Are drugs that attach to a receptor creating a small response, but block other drugs

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15
Q

Agonists

A

Interacts with receptor to stimulate response, speed up/slow normal cellular processes

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16
Q

Antagonists

A

Attach to receptor but DO NOT. Stimulate response, inhibit cell function

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17
Q

Receptor

A

A structure within/on surface on cell, that bind to specific substances that elicit cellar response .

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18
Q

Adverse Drug Reactions are our Role

A
  1. Observe and monitor client
  2. Report adverse effects
  3. Document
  4. Supportive care/assess
  5. Hold further doses till talk doctor
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19
Q

ROUTES

A
  1. Oral
  2. Percutaneous
  3. Perenteral
  4. IV - 100% absorption
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20
Q

Pharmoeokinetics

A

What happens to the drug, from the time its put into the body all it metabolites have left

  1. Absorption; admin site to blood stream
    ~route of admin
    ~extent of absorption
  2. Distribution: transport of a drug to site of action
    ~fast: heart/ liver/ kidney/ brain
    ~slower: muscle/ skin and fat
  3. Metabolism: the biochemical alteration of a drug into any of the following in the liver mostly, could be muscle, kidney, lungs or mucosa
    ~inactive
    ~ more soluble
    ~more potent
    ~less active
  4. Excretion: elimination of the drug from the body, mostly the kidneys
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21
Q

Factors affecting action

A
  1. Age
  2. Body mass
  3. Gender
  4. Genetics
  5. Pathological state
  6. Psychological state
  7. Route of administration
  8. time of administration
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22
Q

3 Tsp = ____ Tbsp

A

1

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23
Q

16 oz = ____ lb

A

1

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24
Q

16 Tbsp = _____ cup

A

1

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25
Q

1oz = ______ g

A

28.3

26
Q

1 cup =____ ml

A

240

27
Q

1kg =______ g

A

1000

28
Q

1L =_____ml

A

1000

29
Q

1kg =______lb

A

2.2

30
Q

PO

A

Orally

31
Q

IM

A

Interamuscularly

32
Q

Subq

A

Subcutaneous

33
Q

Rectally

A

Rectally

34
Q

IV

A

Intravenous

35
Q

O.D.

A

Right eye

36
Q

O.S.

A

Left Eye

37
Q

O.U.

A

Both eyes

38
Q

QD

A

Once a day

39
Q

BID

A

Twice a day

40
Q

TID

A

Three times a day

41
Q

QID

A

Four times a day

42
Q

QHS

A

Before bed

43
Q

5X a day

A

Five times a day

44
Q

Q4H

A

Every 4 hours

45
Q

Q6H

A

Every 6 hours

46
Q

QOD

A

Every other day

47
Q

PRN

A

As needed

48
Q

QTT

A

Drop

49
Q

AC

A

Before meal

50
Q

PC

A

After meal

51
Q

FOOD and Drug Reg

A

Part A: administration of drugs
Part B: Foods
Part C: Drugs
Part D: Vitamins, minerals and amino acids
Part E: Cyclamate sweeteners
Part G: Controlled Drugs
Part J: Restricted Drugs

52
Q

Drug Schedules 1, 1A, 2, 3, and 4

A

Sold from licensed pharmacies

53
Q

Unscheduled drugs

A

Sold anywhere

54
Q

Pharmacology

A

The study of drugs and their actions on living organisms

55
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

The study of how the drug affects the body

56
Q

Chemical name

A

Molecular structure

57
Q

Generic Name

A

Name given health Canada, not capitalized

58
Q

Trade name

A

Manufactures name

59
Q

7 Rights of Med Admin

A
  1. Right patient
  2. Right drug
  3. Right time/ Frequency
  4. Right route
  5. Right dose
  6. Right reason
  7. Right documentation
60
Q

Consider these 3 rights also

A
  1. Right for education
  2. Right to refuse
  3. Right to evaluation
61
Q

Half life serum

A

Time to eliminate 50% of drug that’s in the body.

Pharmacology LEVEL 1 LPN (1 decks)

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