Pharm: Drugs Acting on the Central and PNS: Antiseizure, Antiparkinsonism, Muscle Relaxants, Opioids/Analgesic Agents, General/Local Anesthetic Agents Flashcards
Drugs used to depress the CNS - prevents/reduces S & S of anxiety?
Anxiolytics
Former mainstay class for treatment of anxiety/for sedation/sleep induction (has many severe adverse effects and drug-drug interactions)?
Barbiturates
Class of drug acts on limbic system and reticular activating system to make GABA or gamma-aminobutyric acid (inhibitory neurotransmitter), more effective -> causing interference with neuron firing? (Depresses CNS block S&S of anxiety/cause sedation and hypnosis in higher doses)
Benzodiazepines
Ends in -LAM or -PAM?
Benzodiazepines used as anxiolytics-hypnotics
alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, clonazepam, clorazepate, diazepam, estazolam, flurazepam, lorazepam, midazolam, oxazepam, quazepam, temazepam, and triazolam?
Benzodiazepines used as anxiolytics-hypnotics
pentobarbital, phenobarbital, secobarbital?
Barbiturates used as anxiolytics-hypnotics
Ends in -BARBITAL?
Barbiturates
AKA Xanax?
Alprazolam - anxiety, panic attacks -> make sure to taper
AKA Librium? Calms nervous system -> reduce risk of seizures, manages agitation, sootes anxiety
Chlordiazepoxide - anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, preop- anxiolytic
AKA Klonopin?
Clonazepam - panic disorders, restless leg syndrome, seizure disorders
Monitor for SI, liver function, taper after long term therapy
Different indication for clonazepam?
Restless leg syndrome
AKA Gen-Xene, Tranxene?
Clorazepate: Anxiety, alcohol withdrawal
Make sure to taper
AKA Valium?
Diazepam - anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, muscle relaxant, preoperative anxiolytic
Hypnotic, treatment for insomnia?
Estazolam, flurazepam
monitor liver/renal function, CBC if used long-term
AKA Ativan?
Lorazepam - anxiety, preanesthesia anxiolytic, insomnia d/t stress
Watch for sedation
AKA Midazolam?
Midazolam - sedation, anxiety, conscious sedation for short procedures ; continous sedation of intubated or mechanically ventilated patients
Keep resuscitation equipment close to help patient breathe PRN
Treatment for Anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal, hyperexcitability and agitation, and preoperative relief of anxiety and tension to aid in balanced anesthesia?
Benzodiazepines
Some adverse effects of benzos on the CNS/Peripheral?
Sedation, drowsiness, depression, lethargy, blurred vision, headaches, confusion, light-headedness
Monitor for dry mouth, N/V, constipation, inc liver enzymes; hypo/hypertension, arrhytmias, palpitations, urinary retention?
Adverse effects of benzos on GI, CV, and urinary systems