Pharm-Derm

Question 1

Creams

• composition
• how easily do they spread, how well are they absorbed, and how do you clear them
• what general type of skin disorders are they good for

Answer 1

Creams
Half water half oil w/ emulsifier
Spread easy, well absorbed, wash off w/ water
Good for oozing or wet skin conditions

Question 2

Ointments

• composition
• how do they feel, how well are they absorbed
• what type of skin should they be used on
• why are they used w/ other active ingredients
• are they more or less likely to cause allergic rxn compared to creams

Answer 2

Ointments
20% water 80% oil
Feel greasy and occlusive, not well absorbed
Use on dry skin to trap moisture
They help absorb active ingredients
Unlikely to cause allergic rxn

Question 3

What do emollients do

Answer 3

Form oily layer on skin to trap water

Question 4

What do they folllowing radiations cause and what sunscreens protect against them

• UVB
• UVA

What do sunshades do and what is example

Answer 4

UVB- sunburns- use PABA
UBA- cancer- dibenzoylmethane

Sunshade reflect light- titanium

Question 5

Chlorhexidine

-what type of agent is this; where is it used and why

Answer 5

Chlorhexidine

• broad spectrum antimicrobial
• commonly used in homes and hospitals b/c its effective on skin and oral mucosa and is well tolerated

Question 6

Becaplermin

-what does it do and what do you use it to treat

Answer 6

Becaplermin

PDGF promotes skin prolif used to treat diabetic skin ulcers

Question 7

What are the 3 topical antibacterial agents used for skin infections? What organisms do they treat?

Answer 7

Bacitracin- gram positive

Neomycin and polymixin- gram neg

Question 8

Topical “Azoles”
MOA
Broad or narrow?

Answer 8

Topical Azoles
MOA- inhibit ergosterol synthesis
Broad spectrum

Question 9

Topical Antifungals- what organsims are these protective against?
Ciclopirox
Terb
Tolnaf
Nystatin
Amphotericin B

Answer 9

Ciclop- broad spectrum
Terb- dermatophytes but not yeast/candida; nail infections
Tolnaf- dermatophytes but not yeast/candida
Nystatin- candida
Amphotericin B- candida

Question 10

Acyclovir

-what is it used to treat

Answer 10

Acyclovir

-HSV1 and 2

Question 11

What is used to kill Ectoparasites (4 agents)

Answer 11

Malathion
Permerthrin
Ivermectin
Lindane

Question 12

What is the topic retinoid used to treat acne?

Answer 12

Tretinoin (t- retinoin)

Question 13

What is a topic antimicrobial used for acne?

Answer 13

Benzoyl peroxide

Question 14

What is Azaleic Acid used to treat and how does it work?

Answer 14

Azaleic acid kills acne bacteria and is used for mild-moderate acne

Question 15

What is a hormonal agent used to treat menstrual related acne breakouts?

Answer 15

Spironolactone

Question 16

What is the oral retinoid used to treat severe acne? Why does it have black box warning

Answer 16

Iso-T-retinoin

Teratogen

Question 17

Explain topical treatment of psoriasis- what do you start w/? What is used initially if severe psoriasis?

Answer 17

Psoriasis
Emollients, corticosteroids, and tazarotene

Severe- UV light therapy (UVB and photoUVA)

Question 18

Apremilast

• MOA
• uses

Answer 18

Apremilast
MOA- inhibit PDE4 to inc cAMP
Uses- severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis

Question 19

What are the pharm treatments for actinic keratosis? 5

Answer 19

Topical 5-FU
Imiquimod
Mebutate
Topical diclofenac
Retinoids