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LECOM PBL S1 E2 > Pharm chapter 6 > Flashcards

Pharm chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is. The study of the role of inheritance in variation in drug response

A

Pharmacogenetics

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2
Q

What happens. When. One nucleotide is exchanged for another at a given position

A

SNP

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3
Q

What is it called when the SNP changes the encoded amino acid

A

Nonsynonymous coding (cSNP)

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4
Q

What are the factors that influence the coenntrations of drug reaching its target(s)

A

Pharmacokinetics

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5
Q

What is the most common factor responsible for pharmacogenetic variation in response to medications

A

Inherited variation in enzymes that catalyze drug metabolism

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6
Q

Describe phase 1 reactions

A

Functionalization reactions that typically involve oxidation or reduction reactions

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7
Q

Describe phase 2 reactions

A

Conjugation reactions that add groups, such as glucoronic acid, that enhance drug solubility and thus drug excretion

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8
Q

What happens to patients with variations in BChE

A

Have a decreased rate of metabolism of succinylcholine, resulting in prolonged paralysis after drug exposure

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9
Q

What does NAT2 do

A

Genetically polymorphic phase 2 enzyme that catalyzes the acetylation of isoniazid

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10
Q

What type of phase of drug enzyme is CYP2D6

A

Phase 1

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11
Q

What type of medications does CYP2D6 contribute to the metabolism of

A

Antidepressants, antiarrhythmics, and analgesics

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12
Q

What is the affected drug class of CYP1A2

A

Acetaminophen, caffeine, propranolol

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13
Q

What is the affected drug class of CYP1B1

A

Estrogens

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14
Q

What is the affected drug class of CYP2A6

A

Halothane, nicotine

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15
Q

What is the affected drug class of CYP2B6

A

Cyclophosphamide

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16
Q

What is the affected drug class of CYP2C8

A

Pacilitaxel, retinoic acid

17
Q

What is the affected drug class of CYP2C9

A

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, phenytoin, warfarin

18
Q

What is the affected drug class of CYP2C19

A

Omeprazole, phenytoin, propranolol

19
Q

What is the affected drug class of N-acetyltransferase 1

A

Sulfamethoxazole

20
Q

What is the affected drug class of N-acetyltransferase 2

A

Dapsone, hydralazine, isoniazid, procainamide, sulfonamides

21
Q

What is the affected drug class of SULTs

A

Acetaminophen, dopamine, epinephrine, estrogens

22
Q

What is the affected drug class of thiopurine S-methyltransferase

A

Azathioprine, mercaptopurine, thioguanine

23
Q

What is the affected drug class of UDP-glucoronosyltransferases

A

Androgens, ibuprofen, irinotecan, morphine, naproxen

24
Q

What breast cancer drug is CYP2D6 genetic polymorphisms important for the efficacy of

A

Tamoxifen

25
Q

What is tamoxifen used for

A

To block the estrogen receptor in approximately 60% of breast cancer patients with ER-positive tumors

26
Q

What does TPMT do

A

Catalyzes the S-methylation of thiopurine drugs such as 6-mercaptupurine and azathioprine

27
Q

What is the affected drug class of the protein 5-lipoxygenase

A

Zilueton

28
Q

What is the affected drug class of the protein ACE

A

ACE inhibitors

29
Q

What is the affected drug class of the protein Apolipoprotein E

A

Statins

30
Q

What is the affected drug class of the protein Epidermal growth factor receptor

A

Gefitinib

31
Q

What is the affected drug class of the protein Sulfonylurea receptor

A

Tolbutamide

32
Q

What does the medication zilueton treat

A

Asthma

33
Q

What type of mutation can occur in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

A

Somatic DNA involving gain of functio mutations in EGFR

34
Q

What type of inhibitor is abacavir and what is it important for

A

It is a reverse-transcriptase inhibitor and is important HIV agent

35
Q

What does rofecoxib (voids) inhibitor

A

COX-2

LECOM PBL S1 E2 (2 decks)

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