Pharm - Cephalosporins

Question 1

name 3 classes of agents that inhibit cell wall synth other than penicillins

Answer 1

cephalosporins
carbapenems
monobactams

Question 2

what bugs are sensitive to cefazolin?

Answer 2

most strep, most s. aureus, most oral anaerobes, some sensitive GNR like E Coli

Question 3

drug interaction w/ cefazolin

Answer 3

probenecid inhibits renal active tubular secretion, prolongs half life

Question 4

cephalexin

Answer 4

Keflex - oral cefazolin

Question 5

Ceftriaxone - what gen?

Answer 5

3rd

Question 6

what organisms are sensitive to ceftriaxone?

Answer 6

streptococci, most pneumooccus, many s. aureus (only MSSA), most oral anaerobes, Neisseria, most GNRs, Lyme

Question 7

cefotaxime

Answer 7

like ceftriaxone, but better for pediatric pts b/c less likely to cause biliary sludging

Question 8

cefpodoxime

Answer 8

oral version of ceftriaxone

Question 9

ceftazidime - what gen?

Answer 9

3rd gen

Question 10

when to use ceftazidime?

Answer 10

when you are treating a highly resistant gram negative rod, like staph

Question 11

ceftazidime sensitivities

Answer 11

some strep, mostly good against GNRs including most pseudomonas

Question 12

ceftaroline

Answer 12

5th gen cephalosporin

Question 13

ceftaroline sensitive organisms

Answer 13

awesome against GNR, but also GPC like staph including both MSSA and MRSA
many GNR (E. coli, Klebsiella, H. influenza), many GPC (including strep pneumonia, both MSSA and MRSA)

Question 14

meropenem - what bugs are sensitive?

Answer 14

broadest spectrum agent currently available

sensitive: most GPC, most GNR (including pseudomonas), all anaerobes

Question 15

aztreonam - class

Answer 15

monobactam

Question 16

what organisms are sensitive to aztreonam?

Answer 16

ONLY aerobic GNR - can be use instead of amino glycoside for narrow coverage of aerobic GNR like E. coli

Question 17

vancomycin - what bugs are sensitive + resistant

Answer 17

really good at gram positive, bad at everything else

sensitive: all GPCs
resistant: all GNRs, anaerobes other than clostridia, very rare VRE

Question 18

vancomycin MOA

Answer 18

inhibits cell wall synthesis by binding free carboxyl end to prevent cross linking (blocks peptidoglycan synthesis)

Question 19

daptomycin - use

Answer 19

for SERIOUS GPC infections

Question 20

daptomycin MOA

Answer 20

binds cell membrane, depolarizes cell –> inhibits protein synthesis, DNA, RNA –> cell death