Pharm : Cell Communication

Question 1

Which cell signaling method uses a chem secreted into the blood that acts on a distant target cells?

Answer 1

Endocrine cell signaling

Question 2

Which cell signaling involves chem molecules to have neighboring cell to act?

Answer 2

Paracrine cell signaling

Question 3

NT signaling is a specific form of which type of cell comm method?

Answer 3

Paracrine cell signaling

Question 4

A chem molecule that binds to a receptor and initiates a cellular response?

Answer 4

Ligand

Question 5

Identify the 4 categories of receptors based signal transducers?

Answer 5

1. GPCRs
2. Gated ion channels
3. Enzyme-linked receptors
4. Soluble nuclear receptors

Question 6

What is another name for a chem that binds to a receptors?

Answer 6

Ligand, 1st messenger

Question 7

What family of enzymes catalysts the addition of phosphate group to a molecule?

Answer 7

Kinases

Question 8

Which chem messengers are derived from arachidonic acid?

Answer 8

Prostaglandin
Leukotrienes
Anandamide (endocannabinoid)

Question 9

Which subunit G protein contains the intrinsic GTPase activity?

Answer 9

The alpha unit

Question 10

What signal transduction sequence through G protein-coupled receptors?

Answer 10

1st msg - GPCR - effector - 2nd msg - cellular response

Question 11

Which negative ion is paired with weak base?

Answer 11

Chloride or sulfate

Question 12

Which positive ion is paired with weak acid?

Answer 12

Sodium, calcium, and magnesium

Question 13

All of the following enantiomeric drug are supplied as racemic mixtures except:
- ketamine
- ropivacaine
- desflurane
- ephedrine

Answer 13

Ropivacaine

Chiral molecule has a center of 3-d asymmetry.
Enantiomers are mirror images of the same molecule (they cannot be superimposed) - cannot tell them apart.

Question 14

Dextrorotatory enantiomers rotate….?

Answer 14

Clockwise

Question 15

Levorotatory enantiomers rotate …?

Answer 15

Counterclockwise

Question 16

Racemic mixture is?

Answer 16

Mixture that contains 2 enantiomers in equal amounts.

Question 17

Racemic mixture - enantiomers drugs are?

Answer 17

Ephedrine, ketamine, desflurane

Question 18

What 2 drugs are exception to enatiomer racemic mixture?

Answer 18

Ropivacaine & levobupivacaine

Question 19

What is chiral molecules?

Answer 19

3-D asymmetry

Question 20

What is steroisomers?

Answer 20

Isomers (same molecules) that differ in the 3-D arrangement of atoms

Question 21

What is the enantiomers?

Answer 21

Stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images