Pharm ATI Flashcards
Benzodiazepines
First line treatment of alcohol withdrawal
Maintain vitals
Decrease seizure risk
Decrease intensity of withdrawal
Watch vitals
Disulfiram
Behavioral therapy
Nausea, vomiting, weakness, sweating, palpations, hypotension
Avoid alcohol
Liver function tests
Naltrexone
Opioid antagonist
Suppresses craving of alcohol
Take with meals
Monthly IM- if not PO
Acamprosate
Decrease unpleasant effects from abstinence
SE: diarrhea
3x daily with meals
Avoid when pregnant
Methadone substitution
Oral opioid
Taper
Clonidine
Assist with withdrawal effects (diarrhea,nausea,vomiting )
DOES NOT reduce craving for opioids
Observe vitals
Chew gum
Avoid alert activities
Buprenorphine
Agonist-antagonist opioid used for withdrawal and maintenance
Substituted for opioid
Decrease craving
Maintain adherence
Bupropion
Decrease nicotine craving
Dry mouth
Avoid caffeine and CNS stimulants to control insomnia
Avoid for those increased risk of sierzures
Nicotine lozenge
Dissolve 20-30min
Avoid oral intake 15 min prior /during
Limit 5 in 6hrs or max 20/day
Nicotine gum
No longer than 6 mo
Chew slowly over 30 min
Avoid eating and drinking 15 min prior
Nicotine patch
Once per day
Remove prior to MRI scan, replace when scan completed
Nicotine nasal spray
One spray per nostril =1 cig
Contrain: upper respiratory, chronic sinus, allergies, asthma
Nicotine inhaler
Menthol
Sensation in throat similar to smoking
Taper 2-3 mo
Avoid with asthma
Varenicline
Nicotine receptor agonist
Promotes release of dopamine
Reduces craving
Take after meal
Monitor: BG
BANNED: bus drivers, air traffic controllers, airplane pilots
Decreased libido
Decreased sexual desire
Common side effect of MAOIs
Antidepressant meds
Haloperidol adverse effect
Neck spasms
Clazapine monitoring for?
Weekly WBC count
Respiridone side effect
Breast enlargement
(Gynecomastia)
Increased prolactin levels
Asenapine side effect
Temporary numbness in mouth
Lisdexamfetamine side effects
CNS stimulation (insomnia, restlessness)
Monitor blood pressure
Raises norepinephrine and dopamine
-am
Alcohol withdrawal medications
Clonidine
Opioid withdrawal
Dry mouth
Obtain baseline vitals!!
Nepstigmine
Reverse effects of neuromuscular blockers
Used post anesthesia
Dantrolene
Reduce metabolic activity of skeletal muscles
Hyperthermia
Vecuronium
Immediate acting
Non depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
Pramipexole
Parkinson’s
SE: hallucinations
Absense seizures
Ethosuximide
Valproic acid
Lamotrigine
Angle-closure glaucoma
Severe pain around eyes
12 mm Hg expected
Open-angle glaucoma
Gradual loss of peripheral vision
Acute-angle glaucoma
Insidious onset
Painful
Ramelteon
Avoid high fat foods
Ketamine contraindicated with
Schizophrenia
Albuterol adverse effect
Tremors
Misoprostol
PUD
Contrain for preg women
Can induce labor
