Pharm: Anti-retrovirals Handout Flashcards
Abacavir sulfate, didanosine, emtricitabine, lamivudine, stavudine, and zidovudine are all what class of drug?
NRTIs
Atazanavir sulfate, darunavir, fosamprenavir calcium, indinavir sulfate, lopinavir and ritonavir, nelfinavir mesylate, ritonavir, saquinavirmesylate, and tipranavir are all what class of drug?
PIs
Delavirdine mesylate, efavirenz, etravirine, nevirapine, rilpivirine are all what class of drug?
NNRTI
What test is the best measure of the activity of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected persons?
HIV RNA levels
Why get plasma HIV RNA levels?
Indicates the magnitude of HIV replication and its associated rate of CD4 T-cell destruction.
Why check CD4 T-cell counts?
indicated the extent of HIV induced immune damage already suffered
If CD4 coutns are greater than 350…treat or not treat?
Defer therapy if asymptomatic
If CD4 >200 but <350…treat?
Should be offered - controversial
Major adverse reaction to Zidovudine:
Bone marrow suppression
also N/V, headaches, insomnia, asthenia, myopathies
Major adverse reaction to Stavudine:
Peripheral neuropathy (20-30%) (also lipodystorphy, pancreatitis)
Major adverse reaction to Diadanosine:
Pancreatitis (5%), Peripheral neuropathy (35%)
Also: N/D
Which NNRTI is contra-indicated in pregnancy?
Efavirenz
Which NRTI is capable of hypersensitivity reactions with stopping and restarting the drug (re-challenging)?
Abacavir
Which 2 drugs are common to all 4 regimens recommended for initial treatment of HIV in Adults by the DHHS panel in 2009?
Emtricitabine
Tenofovir
Both are NRTIs
Major side effect and how it is determined/monitored in NNRTIs AND PIs
Hepatotoxicity
Defined as a 3-5 fold increase in serum transaminases
