Pharm Flashcards
How much Bicitra is needed to buffer acid?
30 ml
PPI inhibt____, _____, and ____.
gastrin, Ach, histamine
PPI are ____that require acid to activate
prodrugs
T/F No dose adjustment need to made with PPI’s on renal, hepatic and elderly pt’s.
T
What conditions delay gastric emptying?
Trauma, pregnancy, DM, opioids, pain, anxiety
What makes Reglan a prokinetic?
It makes the GI tissue more sensitive to Ach which besides motility it also increases LES
Why is Reglan an antiemetic?
The D2 and 5HT3 antagonism.
What is the black box warning with reglan?
Tardative Dyskenisia
A low/high dose of Reglan is needed to be used for PONV but with this dose it causes EPS symptoms.
high. If you use it, it still reduces R by 30-40%
Octreotide is a G ___ linked which increases __ and ___.
Gq; phospholipase C and IP3
Carcinoid tumors are typically located in ____. They cause s/s of ______.
GI tract, flushind, diarrhea, increase temp, decrease BP
Butyrephones are??? What SE do they have?
Dopamine receptors antagonist that come with too many SE (diarrhea, EPS, and sedation) so not used as much
What are some EPS symptoms?
– Akathisia (restlessness) – Tardive dyskinesia (irregular, jerky movements) – Bradykinesia (slow movements) – Dystonia (spasms) – Parkinsonism (rigidity)
Prochlrperzine is a strong ___ but also a fairly ____ and ____.
D2, antimuscurinic, and antihistamine
What receptors are in the CTZ?
NK1, Opioids, D2, 5HT3
What receptors are in the GI?
NK1, 5HT3
What are the receptors in the vestibular?
H2, Ach
How do anticholinergics cause a decrease in PONV?
by reducing the excitability of the labyrinth receptors thus depressing conduction via the vestibular cerebellar pathways. It corrects the imbalance of ACh in the CNS
Antihistamines are primarily _____ but also slight _____ and ____.
H2; muscurinic and D2.
What are some overall SE of antihistamine?
dry mouth, urinary retention, EPS
How do benzos help in PONV?
They decrease secretions by controlling anxiety which causes secretions.
Ginger increases ____ so it is bad to use in ___ patients.
bile; GB
Ginger also inhibits _____, increasing _____ risk. So stop it ___before sx. Anything above _____ is TOXIC.
platelet aggregation; bleeding; 2 weeks; 2mg/kg/day
