Pharm Flashcards
Anti-psychotic med that causes retinal deposits
Thioidazine
Side effect of the anti-psychotic haloperidol
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Anti-psychotic that causes prolong QT
Ziprasidone
Anti-psychotic associated weight gain.
Olanzapine…
Big, fat O…
Antipscyhogic associated iwth agranulocytosis and seizures
Clozapine
Gram + rod that TUMBLES.
Listeria (causes meningitis in immunosupressed or tiny babies0. You get it via contaminated food.
This bacteria is pathogenic because it can synthesize an extracellular polysaccharide matrix (biofilm)
S. epidermidis (coagulase - staph). MCC of foreign body infections due to its biofilm.
What can superactive PRPP cause?
Gout…becuase you are increasing the production of purines, which when broken down at a higher rate can cause hyperuricemia.
What is the primary source of inflammation in an individual with uric acid crystals in their synovium?
Neutrophils,d ue to phagocytosis of monosodium urate crystals. Colchincine, which treats acute gout, is effective at reducing the inflammatory response by interfering with adhesion molecules and microtubule formation responsible for neutrophil chemotaxis as well as decreasing tyrosine phosphorylation in response to monosodium urate crystals, which results in decreased neutrophil activation.
Angiomatous lesions in the retina and/or cerebellum, as well as congenital cysts and/or neoplasms in the kidney, liver and pancreas.
vHL Disease
Nuerofibromas, optic nerve gliomas, Lisch nodules (pigmented nodules of the iris) and cafe au lait spots.
Neurofibromatosis Type 1: inhereited peripheral nervous system disorder.
Also called Von Recklinghausen’s Disease
Autosomal dominant nervous system tumor syndrome in which patients commonly develop bilateral CN VII schwannomas and multiple meningiomas.
NF-type 2
Rare congenital nueurocutaneous disorder characterized by the presence of cutaneous facial angiomas, as well as leptomeningeal angiomas.
Skin involvement usually overlies the opthalmic (VI) and maxillary (V2) distributions of the trigeminal nerve.
Associated with MR, seizures, hemiplegia, and skull radio opacities. Skull radiographs may show characteristic “tram-track calcifications”.
Struge-WEber
Kidney, liver and pancreatic cysts, but CNS involvements manifests as cortical and subependymal HARMARTOMAS.
Autosomal dominant syndrome is also characterized by cutaneous angiofibromas (adenoma sebaceum), visceral cysts, and a variety of other hamartomas, as well as renal angiomyolipomas and cardiac rhabdomyomas. Clinically, seizures are a major complication.
Tuberous Sclerosis
AD inheritence of congenital telangiectasia. Rupture of htese can cause epistaxis, gastro bleeding, or hematura. Cysts are non characteristic.
Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome.
SS RNA virus that is enveloped by a bullet-shaped capsule, that causes agitation, persistent fever, variable consciousness, photophobia, and PAINFUL SPASMS WITH SWALLOWING AND/OR INSPIRATION.
What is the virus and what does it bind to do damage?
Rabies (Rhabdoviridie)–>binds to nicotonic acetylcholine receptors.
Myasthenia Gravis (autoimmune following viral infection) and Eaton-Lambert syndrome (paraneoplastic syndrome from small cell carcinoma of the lung) present similarly.
How are they different?
Myasthenia Gravis: Autoantibodies block the ACh receptors so that ACh can’t bind.
Eaton-Lambert: autoantibodies react with presynaptic calcium channels and hamper the release of ACH.
What vitamin deficiency causes this:
Degeneration of the dorsal columns and lateral cerebrospinal tracts. Loss of position and vibration sensation, spastic paresis and ataxia are typical.
B12 deficiency .
BeriBeri can cause demyelination of the peripheral nerves. Unlike Guillan-Barre’, no perineural inflammation is present. Symptoms include muscle weakness and areflexia, associated with pain and paresthesia. Involvement of hte distal lower limb is characteristic.
What vitamin is missing?
Thiamine
Rare but SEVERE complication of halothane (or any of the halogenated anesthetics-enflurane, isoflurane, and levoflurane).
Severe liver damage.
Halothane metabolites can cause autoantibodies to form that attack the liver.
Similar drug to allopurinol.
Rasburicase…It is a hypouricemic agent that is used in treatment of tumor lysis syndrome.
Aldolase B participates in fructose metabolism, so a deficiency in this enzyme with result in fructose intolerance. So, in addition to fructose what should be avoided in the diet?
Sucrose: which is a Glucose + Fructose disaccharide
Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) and disfigured fingernails (spoon nails or koilnychia) are specific for what kind of deficiency?
Iron deficiency
What a.a. is serotonin made from?
Tryptophan
