Pharm 422 Flashcards
Exam 3
These anti-diabetic drugs block the reabsorption of glucose in the proximal tubule of the kidney and allow glucose to be excreted in the urine.
SLGT-2 inhibitors
These anti-diabetic drugs: Canagliflozin (Invokana) Dapagliflozin (Farxiga) Empagliflozin (Jardiance) are part of what class?
SLGT-2 inhibitors
side effect of these anti-diabetic drugs include: Hypotension dehydration hyperkalemia weight loss UTI Genital fungal infection Increase in urination small increase in LDL decrease in renal function
SLGT-2 inhibitors
Sulfonlyureas & antihypertensive drugs can have an interaction with these anti-diabetic drugs
SLGT-2 inhibitors
SLGT-2 inhibitors contraindicated in what conditions or populations?
Severe renal impairment
Type I Diabetes
Children & breastfeeding
Gliflozins are part of what anti-diabetic med family?
SLGT-2 inhibitors
GLP-1 Agonist
non-insulin injectable
Incretins
MOA of Incretins (GLP-1 agonist)
- Promotes insulin release from beta pancreatic cells
- Suppresses release of glucagon from alpha cells
- Slows gastric emptying
Promotes insulin release from beta pancreatic cells
Suppresses release of glucagon from alpha cells
slows gastric emptying
MOA of Incretins (GLP-1 agonist)
What class of anti-diabetc drugs do these belong in? Exenatide (Byetta, Bydureon) Liraglutide (Victoza) Lixisenatide (Adlyxin) Dulaglutide (Trulicity)
GLP-1 agonist drugs (Incretins)
Less hypoglycemia with these medications, insulin is only released in response to food. So, unlike the sulfonlyurias that Stimulate insulin release regardless of food intake
GLP-1 agonist drugs (Incretins)
Contraindications for GLP-1 agonist drugs (Incretins)
Type I diabetes
gastroparesis
Acute pancreatitias
Preg Cat C
If thyroid CA is present, avoid this class of med anti-diabetic drugs
GLP-1 agonist drugs (Incretins)
weight loss 8-10lbs common with this class of med anti-diabetic drugs Preg Cat C
GLP-1 agonist drugs (Incretins)
Side effects of GLP-1 agonist drugs (Incretins)
N/V, diarrhea, dyspepsia & hypoglycemia when paired with sulfonlyurea
DPP-4 Inhibitors MOA
slows inactivation of the incretins (GLP-1 & GIP) keeping glucose levels low by inhibiting DPP-4 enzyme
“Gliptins”
DPP-4 Inhibitors
Enhance activity of GLP-1, they inhibit DPP-4 and it leads to increase in the secretion of insulin & supresses the
release of glucagon by the pancreas.
DPP-4 Inhibitors
side effects of DPP-4 inhibitors
URI, UTI, Headache, angioedema
Can increase hypoglycemic effects of DPP-4 inhibitors
sulfonylureas, insulin & ACE-I
you get increased levels of gliptons (DPP-4 inhibitors) with these drugs
SSRIs
salicylates
Quinolone antibiotics
you get decreased levels of gliptons (DPP-4 inhibitors) with these drugs
CYP 3A4 inducers
Quinolone antibiotics
Thiazide diuretics
Dosing for DPP-4 inhibotrs
- One oral in the morning
- Monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic drugs
ADA & AACE recommend HbA1c less than for
to be considered diabetic
and to reach treatment goals
FBG
> 6.5 - 7 %
< 6.5%
> 126 mg/dL