Pharm Flashcards
roundworm, hookworm tx
albendazole, pyrantel pamoate or mebendazole
threadworm tx
ivermectin
pinworm tx
pyrantel pamoate or mebendazole
trichinosis tx
mebendazole or albendazole. steroids added if severe infection
whipworm tx
mebendazole or albendazole
trichostrogylus tx
pyrantel pamoate or mebendazole
cutaneous larva migrans tx
albendazole or ivermectin
visceral larva migrans tx
albendazole
angiostronylus cantonesis tx
mebendazole or albendazole
filariasis tx
diethylcarbamazine
onchocerciasis tx
ivermectin
guinea worm tx
metronidazole
bilharziasis, schistosoma mansoni, japonicum, liver fluke, lung fluke tx
praziquantel
large or small intestinal fluke tx
praziquantel or niclosamide
beef tapeworm, fish tapeworm, pork tapeworm tx
praziquantel or niclosamide
pork tapeworm larval stage tx
albendazole, praziquantel (alt)
dwarf tapeworm tx
praziquantel , nitazoxanide (alt)
hydatid disease tx
albendazole
oral drug bioavail improved by fatty meal
albendazole
active sulfoxide metabolite produced in 1st pass metab
albendazole - dist well in body, CSF, hydatid cysts
monitor blood counts and LFTS
albendazole- long term use
no active metabolite, blood dyscrasia rare, but monitor CBCs and LFTs
mebendazole
oral drug with good bioavail, increased by high carb meal or cimetidine, reduced by phenytoin or carbamazepine
pyrantel pamoate
take with liquid after meal, don’t chew - bitter
praziquantel and pyrantel pamoate
increases permeability of trematode or cestode membranes to calcium, resulting in paralysis
pyrantel pamoate
AE N/V, diarrhea, abdominal pain and cramp, HA, dizz
pyrantel pamoate
increases cell membrane permeability in susceptible worms- rapid contraction - vacuolization and disintegration of the schistosome tegument
praziquantel
CYP3A4 interactions possible, malaise, HA, dizz, abd discomfort, nausea, fever, urticaria
praziquantel
oral or topical, CYP2E1, 2D6, 3A4
ivermectin
selective high affinity binding to glutamate-gated Cl- channels in invertebrate nerve and muscle cells
ivermectin
usually produces fewer AE and better compliance
ivermectin
not avail in US - oral, remains in GI tract, inhibits ox phos or stim ATPase activity
niclosamide
inhibits arachidonic acid metab, making microfilaria more susceptible to immune attack
diethylcarbamazine - no longer approved in US
kills symbiotic bacterium Wolbachia leading to death of worm (filarial)
doxycycline
entamoeba histolytica tx
asym - paromomycin or iodoquinol. sym intestinal dz - metronidazole or tinidazole, followed by paromomycin or iodoquinol
