pharm 3 quiz

Question 1

“any noxious, unintended, undesired effect that occurs at normal drug doses”

Answer 1

world health organization

Question 2

mild ADR effects

Answer 2

drowsiness, itching, nausea, rash

Question 3

severe ADR effects

Answer 3

respiratory depression, organ injury, anaphylaxis, death

Question 4

a nearly unavoidable secondary drug effect produced at therapeutic doses

Answer 4

side effect

Question 5

any severe ADR, regardless of the dose that caused it

Answer 5

toxicity

Question 6

immune response, the intensity of which is determined by immune system, not dosage

due to an immune response, have to have been exposed before

Answer 6

allergic reaction

Question 7

uncommon drug response resulting from a genetic predisposition

Answer 7

idiosyncratic effect

Question 8

the opposite of the intended drug response

Answer 8

paradoxical effect

Question 9

occurs as the result of medical care or treatment including disease produced by drugs

Answer 9

latrogenic disease

Question 10

body has adapted to drug exposure in such a way that abstinence will develop if discontinued

Answer 10

physical dependence

Question 11

the ability of certain medications and chemicals to cause cancers

Answer 11

carcinogenic effect

Question 12

drug-induced birth defect

Answer 12

teratogenic effect

Question 13

primary site of metabolism

Answer 13

liver

Question 14

what is the leading cause of liver failure?

Answer 14

drugs

Question 15

what are QT drugs?

Answer 15

effect the heart rhythm

Question 16

ear damage caused by drugs

Answer 16

ototoxicity

Question 17

taking a lot of drugs

Answer 17

polypharmacy

Question 18

-early identification is key
-know major ADRs that a drug can produce
-monitoring of organ function if toxic drugs are being given
-individualizing therapy
-patient teaching

Answer 18

ways to minimize ADRs

Question 19

-strongest safety warning a drug can carry and still remain on the market
-the most serious medication warning required by the FDA

Answer 19

black box warning

Question 20

if the same dose of a drug is given to a big person and a small person, the drug concentration will be higher in the smaller person

Answer 20

body composition

Question 21

reduce rate of drug excretion-drugs may accumulate to toxic level

Answer 21

kidney disease

Question 22

reduces rate of drug metabolism- drugs may accumulate to toxic levels

Answer 22

liver disease

Question 23

increase of levels of drug in system

Answer 23

decline in liver or kidney function

Question 24

decreased responsiveness to a drug as a result of repeated drug administration

Answer 24

tolerance

Question 25

drugs take to manage one condition may complicate mangement of another condition

Answer 25

comorbidities and drug interactions

Question 26

good diet can elicit therapeutic response and reduce harm from ADRs -some food can interact with drugs and cause ADRs

Answer 26

diet

Question 27

multiple disease process

Answer 27

comorbidities

Question 28

what is considered an empty stomach?

Answer 28

1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal

Question 29

what happens as a person ages?

Answer 29

absorption slows

Question 30

tends to decline with age -highly variable

Answer 30

metabolism

Question 31

begins to decline progressively in early adulthood -the most important cause of ADRs in older adults

Answer 31

excretion

Question 32

increase as metabolism and excretion decrease

Answer 32

drugs

Question 33

*reduced renal function-drug accumulation *polypharmacy *greater severity of illness *low therapeutic index drugs *increased individual variation *inadequate supervision of long-term therapy * poor adherence

Answer 33

important risk factors (elderly)

Question 34

*drug history *compliance

Answer 34

assessment

Question 35

*clinical response *plasma drug levels

Answer 35

monitoring

Question 36

*how to take medications *strategies for compliance

Answer 36

teaching

Question 37

*simplest regiment possible easy to open containers *large print *cost

Answer 37

advocating

Question 38

levothyroxine (synthoid, levoxyl)

Answer 38

hypothyroidism

Question 39

what is the normal dose for synthetic thyroxine (T4)

Answer 39

PO=1.6mcg/kg/day usually 50-200mcg/day

Question 40

when is the best time to administer synthetic thyroxine (T4)

Answer 40

empty stomach -most commonly 0730 @ hospital

Question 41

what are the side effects of synthetic thyroxine (T4)

Answer 41

-tachycardia -palpitations -dyspnea on exertion -goiter

Question 42

dose to low (hypothyroidism)

Answer 42

-bradycardia -lethargy -constipation -excessive fatigue -excessive sleep

Question 43

dose to high (hyperthyrodism)

Answer 43

-irritability -palpitations -tachycardia -diarrhea -tremors -insomnia

Question 44

what are the proton pump inhibitors

Answer 44

-pantoprazole (protonix) -omperazole (prilosec) -lansoprazole (prevacid)

Question 45

what are the proton pump inhibitors

Answer 45

-gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) -peptic ulcer disease (PUD) -stress ulcer prophylaxis

Question 46

what is the dosage of pantoprazole?

Answer 46

40mg daily -best given on an empty stomach

Question 47

what are the side effects of pantoprazole?

Answer 47

-cutaneous lupus -C-diff -gastroenteritis -diarrhea -bone fracture -hypomagnesemia

Question 48

what is hydrocodone administered?

Answer 48

pain cough

Question 49

hydrocodone/acetaminophen (pain)

Answer 49

norco vicodin lortab

Question 50

hydrocodone/chlorpheniramine (cough)

Answer 50

tussionex

Question 50

how much acetaminophen can an adult have per day?l

Answer 50

4000 mg (4g)

Question 50

what can to much acetaminophen damage in an adult?

Answer 50

liver damage

Question 51

adverse reaction of hydrocodone

Answer 51

-constipation -itching -vomiting -hypotension -CNS depression -withdrawl