Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm #3 - Endocrine/Repro > Pharm #3 - Androgens > Flashcards

Pharm #3 - Androgens Flashcards

1
Q

State the physiological actions of androgens on the reproductive system

A

REPRODUCTIVE
Growth, development, maintenance of primary and secondary male sex characteristics
Puberty in females
Promote spermatogenesis (w/ FSH)
Neuroendocrine regulation of gonadotropin secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

State the physiological actions of androgens (anabolic)

A

ANABOLIC

Increase protein synthesis, lean body mass, skeletal muscle growth, reduce fat mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

State the physiological actions of androgens (growth)

A

GROWTH
Stimulates skeletal growth, epiphyseal closure
Growth of larynx at puberty, voice deepening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

State the physiological actions of androgens (metabolic)

A 
METABOLIC
 Erythropoiesis
 Decreased synthesis of clotting factors
 Increased sebum production in skin
 Decrease HDL; increase LDL
 Androgenic alopecia (male pattern baldness)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

CONSEQUENCES OF ANDROGEN DEFICIENCY IN MEN -6

A
  1. Decreased libido, erectile dysfunction
  2. Decreased skeletal muscle mass; increased adipose tissue mass
  3. Decreased axillary and pubic hair
  4. Anemia
  5. Osteoporosis
  6. Decreased energy and sense of well being
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

THERAPEUTIC USES OF ANDROGENS (3)

A

HRT in primary or secondary hypogonadism

Induction of puberty in delayed maturation

Rx of osteoporosis in males (similar to estrogen on its action of bone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 2 androgens used in HRT

A

Testosterone enanthate

Testosterone cypionate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Testosterone enanthate
Testosterone cypionate

  • INdication
  • MOA
A

Hypogonadism

Replacement of testosterone produces androgenic effects, such as:
Growth and maturation of prostate
Seminal vesicles
Penis & Scrotum
Development of male hair distribution
Laryngeal enlargement
Vocal cord thickening
Alterations in body musculature, and
Fat distribution
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Testosterone enanthate
Testosterone cypionate

Side effects -7 (main 1)

A
  1. Cholestatic jaundice syndrome***
    (similar to estrogen - progesterone combo)
  2. Liver carcinoma
  3. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
  4. Prostate cancer
  5. Gynecomastia (excess converted to estrogen)
  6. Acne (sebaceous gland d
    evelopment)
  7. Headache
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Testosterone enanthate
Testosterone cypiona

Contraindications - 3

A

Breast cancer in men (androgen is converted to estrogen = bad)

Prostate cancer

Pregnancy when used in women (stimulate estrogen production)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Flutamide

MOA

Indication s(2)

A

Competitive inhibition of dihydrotestosterone & testosterone binding to the receptor
(androgen receptor antagonist)

Metastatic prostate cancer
Benign prostatic hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Flutamide

SE (2 main)

COntra -1

A 
Hepatotoxicity
 Hematopoietic disorders
 Diarrhea
 Nausea
 Rash
 Hot Flashes

Contra: Severe hepatic impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

better for prostate cancer

- DES 
or
-leuprolide
or
- flutamide
A

Flutamide is comparatively better than DES and leuprolide in treatment of prostate cancer
Highly effective when combined with medical or surgical castration

DES  synthetic estrogen (non-aromatic)
half life is very long
offspring can result in adenocarcinoma

Leuprolide – GnRH antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Spironolactone

MOA

A

Competitive inhibition of dihydrotestosterone & testosterone binding to the receptor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Spironolactone

indications - 6

A 
Hirsutism
 Hypertension
 Acne vulgaris
 Edema associated with heart failure
 Cirrhosis or nephrotic syndrome
 Hypokalemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Spironolactone

SE

(10)

A
  1. Gastrointestinal hemorrhage
  2. Hyperkalemic metabolic acidosis
  3. Agranulocytosis systemic lupus erythematosus
  4. Gynecomastia
  5. Dyspepsia
  6. Lethargy
  7. Abnormal menstruation
  8. Impotence
  9. Rash
  10. Breast cancer – not yet established
17
Q

3 contra for spironolactone

A

Anuria
Hyperkalemia
Acute renal insuffiency

*aldosterone receptor antagonist but also acts as an androgen receptor antagonist

18
Q

Finasteride

MOA

Indications -2

A

Selective inhibition of type II 5 α-reductase, the enzyme responsible for conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone in prostate, liver & skin

  1. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
  2. Androgenic alopecia
19
Q

Finasteride

  • adverse - 5
A

All functions of DHT

  1. Neoplasm of male breast (rare and not yet investigated)
  2. Breast tenderness
  3. Decreased libido
  4. Erectile dysfunction
  5. Ejaculatory disorder
20
Q

Finasteride

Contra - 1

A

Known or suspected pregnancy

21
Q

Improves urine flow (smaller cells)

Can be used as alternative to transurethral resection of prostate (TRUP)

Up to 25% reduction in prostate size when consistently used for one year

Most effective in patients with large prostates

Women should not be treated with finasteride

A

Finasteride

Pharm #3 - Endocrine/Repro (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions