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Lab Man > PH HCS > Flashcards

PH HCS Flashcards

1
Q

BG

An archipelago in the South-East Asia Region

A

UYYYY?!??!?! PHILIPPINES !!!!🦅🦅

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2
Q

BG

PH population as of 2017

A

104.9 million

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3
Q

BG

Thirteenth most populous
country in the world (2017)

A

PHILIPPINES ULITT RAAA

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4
Q

BG

Predominant religion in PH?

PREDOMINANT?!

A

Roman Catholics constituting 87.4% of the Christian population

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5
Q

Demographics

Majority of Filipinos are?

religion

A

Christian Malays (92.2%)

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6
Q

BG

Minority groups?

A

Muslim minority groups comprising 5.6%

concentrated in Mindanao

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7
Q

BG

Adult literacy rate in the PH (2017)

A

96.5%

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8
Q

Demographics

Life expectancy at birth

A

69.1 yrs

(2016)

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9
Q

BG

GDP of the PH at the end of 2017

A

6.7%

one of Asia’s fastest growing economies

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10
Q

BG

TOF. The PH is categorized as a newly industrialized country

A

True

from agriculture to services and manufacturing.

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11
Q

BG

Contributing factor to the rising life expectancy among filipinos

A
  • improvements in living conditions,
  • better access to health services, and
  • improved management and treatment of infectious diseases like pneumonia and tuberculosis (TB)
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12
Q

BG

What do you call these events experienced by Filipinos as a consequence of rising life expectancy:
* globalization and escalating climate change
* lifestyle related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)
* persistence of infectious diseases like HIV, TB, and vaccine-preventable diseases

A

Triple Burden of Disease

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13
Q

BG (Triple Burden of Disease)

World ranking of PH in terms of exposure to disasters due to strong typhoons occuring with high irregularity

A

THIRD

sis aint good enuf

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14
Q

BG (Triple Burden of Diseases)

  • diet,
  • tobacco smoke,
  • high systolic blood pressure (wc contribute to rising incidence of diseases of the cardiovascular system)
  • malignant neoplasms,
  • diabetes, and
  • road traffic accidents
A

Changes in Lifestyle and prevalence of NCDs

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15
Q

BG (Triple Burden of Disease)

TOF. Effective interventions for HIV, TB, and VPDs are available

A

T

BUT despite the availability, peenoise continue to suffer

d minention why but ig CORRUPTION?!

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16
Q

BG (Triple Burden of Disease)

Measles and diptheria

A

Vaccine-preventable dse

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17
Q

Health service delivery

basic human right guaranteed by the Philippine Constitution
of 1987

A

Health

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18
Q

Health service delivery

Two sectors of the health delivery service in the Philippines

A

Public and Private sectors

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19
Q

Health service delivery

  • largely financed through a tax-based budgeting system
  • health services are delivered by government facilities under the national and local governments.
A

Public Sector

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20
Q

Health service delivery

supervises the government corporate hospitals, specialty and regional hospitals

A

Department of Health (DOH)

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21
Q

Health service delivery

consisting of for-profit and non-profit health-care providers, is largely market oriented, where health care is generally paid for through user fees at the point of service

A

Private Sector

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22
Q

Health service delivery

Roles of PhilHealth

A

provided financial risk protection and expanded health insurance coverage for the Filipino people since 1995

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23
Q

Health service delivery

the Philippine health sector has :
*1224 hospitals,
*2587 city/rural health centres and
*20, 216 village health stations

(2016 figures)

A

Health service delivery
in terms of physical infrastructure

read thru page xxii last paragraph for detailed breakdown

auq na magbreakdown

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24
Q

Health service delivery (infrasctructure)

64% of hospitals are Level 1 non-departmental hospitals with an average capacity of?

A

41 beds

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25
Q

Health service delivery (infrasctructure)

10% are Level 3 medical centres and teaching hospitals, with an average bed capacity of?

A

318 beds

bitch idefk if this is significant

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26
Q

Health service delivery (infrasctructure)

TOF. The geographical distribution of these resources are equal within the country.

A

F. varies

2/3s in Luzon (NCR); 23 hospital beds per 10k people

Rest of L —- 8.2 ; V—- 7.8 ; M —–8.3

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27
Q

Health service delivery (infrasctructure)

TOF. The average bed occupancy rate of private hospitals is significantly higher than for public medical centers

A

F (baliktad)

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28
Q

Health service delivery (infrasctructure)

On average, patients stay about two days
longer in public than in private medical centres.

A

yun lang.

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29
Q

Health service delivery

the top four cadres of institution-based health workers are:
* nurses (90 308),
* doctors (40 775),
* midwives (43 044) and
* medical technologists (13 413)

(2017 figures).

A

Health service delivery
in terms of human resources for health

xxii ulit for breakdown huhu

no need to memorize numbers :))

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30
Q

Human resources for Health

TOF. Public sector engages a lesser proportion of nurses, midwives, and medical technologists.

A

F (higher proportion)

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31
Q

Human Resources for Health

Highest engagement in the public sectors

90k

A

Nors

gcing n sha

nurse yan ha wag kayong anek

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32
Q

Human Resources for Health

TOF. There is a marked differences in the number of institution-employed health workers available to serve area population, Visayas with varying densities of nurses per 10,000 population across regions.

A

T

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33
Q

Health financing

Consistently increased since 2005

A

Total health expenditure (THE)

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34
Q

Health financing

Government health expenditure has increased significantly in nominal terms, but it has been
eclipsed by?

A

private sector funding sources

grown rapidly with the economy

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35
Q

Health Financing

TOF. With the private sector eclipsing government expenditure, public spending is now more sufficient in terms of covering the needs of the population

A

F (still insufficient)

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36
Q

Health Financing

a social health insurance program, covers 92% of the population, with 40% of which being poor and subsidized by the government for premium payments.

A

PhilHealth

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37
Q

Health Financing

Challenges related to health financing

A
  • Overlap between funding sources (DOH,LGU,PHILHEALTH)
  • limited financial protection
  • out-of-pocket-payments (OOPs)
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38
Q

Health Financing

Financial protection is limited, resulting in a high level of ?

A

household out-of-pocket (OOP) payment

OOP expenditure in PH is >50%

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39
Q

Health Financing

TOF. PhilHealth’s payment system is dominated by free-for-all

A

F (still dominated by fee-for-service)

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40
Q

Health Financing

Effect of PhilHealth’s payment system

A

NO technical efficiency or financial protection

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41
Q

Health Governance

The national technical authority on health, providing policy direction, strategic plans, regulatory services, standards, and guidelines for health.

A

The Department of Health (DOH)

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42
Q

Health Governance

responsible for managing and implementing local health programs and services.

A

Local government units (LGUs)

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43
Q

Health Governance

serves as an advisory body to the local chief executives and the local legislative council members on the local health system.

A

local chief executive (governor or mayor)

44
Q

Health Governance

represented in LGUs through either a DOH representative or Development Management Officer.

A

The DOH Regional Health Office

45
Q

Health Governance and Regulation

Has its own regional Department of Health that is directly responsible to the ARMM Regional Governor.

A

Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)

46
Q

HEALTH GOVERNANCE AND REGULATION

The Philippines is divided into how many regions

(legal age x 0) + 38 - 22 -1

A

17

47
Q

Health Governance and regulation

directly administers provincial, city, and municipal health offices, and provincial and district hospitals within the autonomous region.

A

ARMM

48
Q

Key health reforms

the country’s Universal Health Care (UHC) policy initiated in 2010.

A

Kalusugan Pangkalahatan (KP)

49
Q

Key Health Reforms

This policy aims to:
* achieve universal and sustainable PhilHealth membership
* upgrade and modernize government health facilities
* fortify efforts to achieve Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets.

A

KP

50
Q

Regulation

under the Department of Finance regulates and supervises the operations of private insurance companies, including health insurance and pre-need companies as well as mutual benefit associations

A

The Insurance Commission (IC)

51
Q

Regulation

exempted and is regulated through a Board of Directors, chaired by the Secretary of Health.

A

PhilHealth

52
Q

DOH oversees licensing hospitals, laboratories, other health facilities, and health products through which buraeus?

2

A

Health Facilities and Service Regulatory Bureau (licensing of Labs, Hosps, and HFs)

Food and Drug Administration (health products).

53
Q

Regulation

Any health facility that is accredited by DOH Regional Offices is automatically accredited by?

A

PhilHealth

54
Q

HEALTH SYSTEM PERFORMANCE key Challenges

Uneven progress towards national objectives for health due to?

A

devolved health financing and service delivery.

55
Q

HEALTH SYSTEM PERFORMANCE key Challenges

maldistribution of facilities, health staff, and specialists.

A

Inequitable access to health service

56
Q

HEALTH SYSTEM PERFORMANCE key Challenges

Limited financial support from PhilHealth, mainly for?

A

inpatient care

57
Q

HEALTH SYSTEM PERFORMANCE key Challenges

TOF. there are still factors that hinders Patient satisfaction and user experience of health services

A

T

there are improvements but sis just ain’t good enough

58
Q

HEALTH SYSTEM PERFORMANCE key Challenges

2 events that continue to impoverish patients.

A

Balance billing and outside-hospital purchases

under to ng patient satisfaction and user experience… but

59
Q

HEALTH SYSTEM PERFORMANCE key Challenges

Limited number of health facilities relative to the growing population

A

yes sister yan na

d ko alam pano icard

pero under to ng patient satisfaction and user experience… but

60
Q

PhilHealth Coverage

PhilHealth membership coverage has expanded, but benefit coverage remains mainly for ?

A

inpatient care

61
Q

HEALTH SYSTEM PERFORMANCE key Challenges

  • Overprovision of physicians,
  • under provision of care, and
  • poor physician adherence to clinical practice guidelines

contribute to?

A

LOW QUALITY OF CARE

62
Q

PhilHealth Coverage

Limited financial support from PhilHealth, mainly for ?

A

inpatient care

wtf?

63
Q

Deployment programs

Deployment programs are easing maldistribution problems somewhat, but:

list 2 probems that remain

A
  • Monitoring and sustainability problems remain.
  • strategies may not be sustainable in the long term.
64
Q

QoC

Limited number of health facilities relative to the growing population.

A

Key challenge of Health system performance

naulit lang to idk kay maam

65
Q

QoC

Health adherence to clinical practice guidelines contribute to low quality of care.

A

Key challenge of Health System Performance

66
Q

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

developed a largely centralized government-funded and operated health care system

A

1970: Primary Health Care for All

67
Q

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

promoted participatory management of the local health system

A

1979: Adoption of Primary Health care

68
Q

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Integrated public health and hospital services

A

1982: Reorganization of DOH

69
Q

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Prevention and nutrition to promote breastfeeding.

A

1986: Milk Code 1986

70
Q

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Prescription are written using the generic name of the drug in attempt to lower expenditure on drugs by promoting and purchasing the branded medicines.

A

1988: The Generic Act

71
Q

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

transfer of responsibility of health service provisions to the local government

A

1991: RA 7160 “Local Government Code”

72
Q

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

aims to provide all citizens a mechanism for financial protection with priority given to the poor.

A

1995: National Health Act

73
Q

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

major organizational restructuring of the DOH to improve the way health care is delivered, regulated and financed.

A

1996: Health Sector Reform Agenda

74
Q

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Adoption of operational framework to undertake reforms with speed, precision, and effective coordination.

A

2005: FOURmula One (F1) for Health

75
Q

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

promotes and ensures access to affordable quality drugs and medicines for all.

A

2008: RA 9502 “Access to cheaper and Quality Medicines Act”

76
Q

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Universal health coverage and access to quality health care for all Filipinos.

A

2010: AO 2010-0036 “Kalusugang Pangkahalatan”

dapat alam niyo na to

77
Q

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

generating extra revenue for the Department of Health by discouraging harmful consumption of alcohol and tobacco

A

2013: Sin Taxes for Health

aka Sin-Tax Law

78
Q

Historical Background

Enrolling all Filipino citizen automatically in National Health Insurance Program administered by PhilHealth.

A

2019: Universal Health Care Law

79
Q

issued administrative order 2012-0012 (Rules and Regulations Governing the new Classification of Hospitals and Other Health Facilities in the Philippines) that provides for a new classification scheme of health facilities

A

DOH

80
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities:

According to Ownership

A
  • Government
  • Private
81
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities Acc. to Ownership

Created by law

A

Government

82
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities Acc. to Ownership

  • national government,
  • DOH,
  • Local Government Unit (LGU),
  • Department of National Defense (DND),
  • Philippine National Police (PNP),
  • Department of Justice (DOJ)
  • State Universities and Colleges,
  • Government owned and Controlled Corporations (GOCC) and others.
A

Government health facility

83
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities Acc. to Ownership

owned, established and operated with funds through donation, principal, investment or other means by any individual corporation, association or organization.

A

Private

84
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities Acc. to Ownership

may be a single, religious, non-government organization and others.

A

Private health facilities

85
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities: Acc. to scope of serv

a hospital that provides services for all kinds of illnesses, diseases, injuries or deformities.

A

General

86
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities: Acc. to scope of serv

shall provide medical and surgical care and it shall equipped with service capabilities needed to support medical physician or specialist

A

General Hospital

87
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities: Acc. to scope of serv

  • Clinical Services
    1. Family Medicine
    1. Pediatrics
    1. Internal Medicine
    1. Obstetrics and Gynecology
    1. Surgery
  • Emergency Services
  • Out-patient Services
  • Ancillary And support Services such as Clinical laboratory, Imaging facility, and Pharmacy.
A

General hospital provisions/service capabilities

88
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities: Acc. to scope of serv

a hospital that specializes in a particular disease or condition or in one type of patient.

A

Specialty

89
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities: Acc. to scope of serv

Type of hospital that may be devoted to treatment of any of the following:
* Treatment of a particular type of illness or condition requiring a range of treatment.
* Treatment of patients suffering from disease of a particular organ or group of organs.

A

Specialty

90
Q

Specialty Hospitals

Identify the devoted specialty of the following hospitals:
* Philippine Orthopedic Center,
* National Center for Mental Health,
* San Lazaro cancer.

A

Treatment of a particular type of illness or condition requiring a range of treatment.

91
Q

Specialty Hospitals

Identify the devoted specialty of the following hospitals:
* Lung Center of the Philippines,
* Philippine Heart Center,
* National Kidney and Transplant Institute,
* A hospital dedicated to treatment of eye disorders.

A

Treatment of patients suffering from disease of a particular organ or group of organs.

92
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities: Acc. - Func. capacity

must have at the minimum:
* an operating room,
* maternity facilities, isolation facilities,
* a clinical laboratory,
* an imaging facility and Pharmacy
all of which should be licensed by the Department of Health

A

Lvl 1 General Hospital

93
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities: Acc. - Func. capacity

contains all the elements of level 1as well as additional facilities like ICU for critically ill patients and specialist doctors for gynecology and pediatric services.

A

Level 2 General hospital

94
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities: Acc. - Func. capacity

are considered tertiary hospitals that can provide all kinds of health services.

A

Level 3 General Hospitals

95
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities: Acc. - Func. capacity

TOF. Specialty hospitals are NOT under this classfication

A

F

96
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities: Acc. - Func. capacity

shall be assessed in accordance with the guidelines formulated by Philippine College of Surgeons (PCS).

A

Trauma Capability of Hospital

97
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities: Acc. - Func. capacity

a DOH licensed hospital designed as a Trauma Center

A

Trauma - Capable Facility

98
Q

Classification of Hospitals and Health Facilities: Acc. - Func. capacity

a DOH licensed hospital within trauma service area which receives trauma patients for transport to point of care or a trauma center.

A

Trauma – Receiving Facility

99
Q

LEVEL OF HEALTH CARE IN THE PHILIPPINES

This includes rural health units, their sub-centers, chest clinics, malarial eradication units and schistosomiasis control units operated by the DOH.

A

Primary Level of Care

100
Q

LEVEL OF HEALTH CARE IN THE PHILIPPINES

Typically, this is the first point of contact for community members with other levels of the health center

A

Primary Level of Care

101
Q

LEVEL OF HEALTH CARE IN THE PHILIPPINES

Traditional healers, center physicians, public health, nurses, rural health midwives

A

Primary Level of Care

102
Q

LEVEL OF HEALTH CARE IN THE PHILIPPINES

  • These are the smaller, non-departmentalized hospitals, including emergency hospitals
A

Secondary Level of Care

103
Q

LEVEL OF HEALTH CARE IN THE PHILIPPINES

Infirmaries, municipal, district hospital and out-patient departments are all examples of out-patient departments.

A

Secondary Level of Care

104
Q

LEVEL OF HEALTH CARE IN THE PHILIPPINES

Specialists in health-care facilities provide this service

A

Secondary Level of Care

105
Q

LEVEL OF HEALTH CARE IN THE PHILIPPINES

These are medical centers, regional, provincial hospitals, and large hospitals that offer highly technological and sophisticated services.

A

Tertiary Level Health Care Facilities

Lab Man (8 decks)

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