pH

Question 1

What is an acid?

Answer 1

A substance that donates a proton.

Question 2

What is a base?

Answer 2

A substance that accepts a proton.

Question 3

What is the equilibrium constant Kc?

Answer 3

The product of the concentrations on the right hand side of the equilibrium divided by the product of the concentrations on the left hand side.

Question 4

How does pKa relate to a strong acid?

Answer 4

There will be a lower pKa.

Question 5

What equation can be used to easily work out the pH of basic solutions?

Answer 5

pH+pOH=14

Question 6

What is a less simple equation for working out the pH of a solution?

Answer 6

pH=pKa + log10([A-]/[HA])

Question 7

How do substituent groups modify acid strength?

Answer 7

Electron-withdrawing groups (such as chloride) increase acid strength as they stabilise anions, whereas electron-donating groups (methyl groups) decrease acid strength as they destabilise anions.

Question 8

What is the Lewis definition of an acid?

Answer 8

An electron pair acceptor.

Question 9

What is the Lewis definition of a base?

Answer 9

An electron pair donor.