Pg 1 - 13 Flashcards
What is a flower?
A reproductive structure of a plant that produces fruit and seeds
Flowers attract pollinators such as bees with their visual prominence, color, and scent.
What is the function of roots in plants?
To anchor the plant in the soil and allow water and minerals to enter
Roots are essential for stability and nutrient absorption.
What role does the stem play in a plant?
Supports the weight of the plant and facilitates the movement of water and nutrients
The stem contains transport systems crucial for plant health.
Where does most photosynthesis occur in plants?
In the leaves
Leaves utilize energy from the sun to produce food for the plant.
Define adaptations in the context of organisms.
Physical and behavioural characteristics that help an organism survive and reproduce
Adaptations can be crucial for thriving in specific environments.
What are fibrous roots?
Small thread-like roots that grow into the top layer of soil
They are adapted for quickly soaking up surface waters.
What is a taproot?
A thick, central root that grows directly downwards into the soil
Taproots anchor plants, store nutrients, and absorb deep water.
What is a pollinator?
An organism that moves pollen between flowers or within the same flower
Pollinators play a key role in plant reproduction.
Define transpiration.
The release of water from a plant through tiny pores called stomata
This process is vital for water regulation in plants.
What does concentration refer to?
The amount of a substance in a certain volume or area
Example: the amount of juice crystals in a container of water.
What are pores?
Tiny openings in a surface, such as a membrane, that allow particles to pass
Pores are essential for cellular processes.
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration
Diffusion is a fundamental process in biology.
Define osmosis.
The diffusion of water from an area of high water concentration to an area of lower water concentration
Osmosis is crucial for maintaining cell turgor pressure.
What is a semipermeable membrane?
A barrier that allows certain particles to move across it
Semipermeable membranes are essential for selective transport in cells.
What is the vascular system in plants?
The xylem and phloem tubes that transport water and nutrients
This system is crucial for plant growth and health.
What is capillary action?
The movement of water and minerals up the xylem tubes against gravity
This occurs due to molecular attraction to the tube sides.
What are the three main stages in the lifecycle of a seed plant?
Seed, Seedling, Adult
Each stage has distinct functions and characteristics.
What are the three main parts of a seed?
Seed coat, embryo, cotyledon
The embryo relies on the cotyledon for nutrients until it can photosynthesize.
What happens during the seedling stage?
Grows fast and can photosynthesize and obtain nutrients from the soil
This stage is critical for establishing the plant.
What is the role of an adult plant?
Produces reproductive structures (cones or flowers) for pollination and seed production
This stage is essential for the continuation of the plant’s lifecycle.
