PFTS

Question 1

main components of a full PFT

Answer 1

spirometry- measure flows
lung volume
diffusion capacity

Question 2

adjunctive components of a PFT

Answer 2

blood gases

exercise testing

Question 3

definition of a PFT

Answer 3

a variety of different test used to evaluate lung function

involve both inspiratory and expiratory maneuvers * more often expiratory

Question 4

pft evaluates

Answer 4

signs, symptoms and abnormal lab findings

Question 5

PFT measure

Answer 5

effect of disease on lung function

Question 6

PFTS assess

Answer 6

pre-operative risk and prognosis

Question 7

contraindications for PFT

Answer 7

Hemoptysis of unknown origin
Pneumothorax
Unstable C-V status or recent MI
Aneurysm; thoracic, abdominal or cerebral
Recent eye surgery
Recent thoracic or abdominal surgery
Presence of an acute disease process that may interfere with test performance
(pressure exerted can cause farther problems)

Question 8

lung volumes

Answer 8

tidal volume (VT)
Inspiratory reserve volumes (IRV)
expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
residual volume (RV)

Question 9

lung capacities

Answer 9

total lung capacity (TLC) 
inspiratory capacity (IC) 
functional residual capacity (FRC)
vital capacity (VC)

Question 10

tidal volume (Vt)

Answer 10

the volume of gas insp or exp during each respiratory cycle. it is usually measured in L or ml and corrected to BTPS

Question 11

IRV

Answer 11

a subdivision of vital capacity
that volume of gas measured from Vt without forced or rapid effort
the max vol of arir that can be inhaled

Question 12

ERV

Answer 12

the change in volume from the end expiratory level to the maximal expiratory level

Question 13

RV

Answer 13

the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximum expiratory

Question 14

IC

Answer 14

the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled from the resting expiratory level

Question 15

FRC

Answer 15

the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration

Question 16

VC

Answer 16

the volumes of gas measured from a slow, complete expiration after a maximal inspiration
FVC- forced vital capacity most commonly performed in spirometry test

Question 17

percentages of volumes and capacities

Answer 17

the sum of all= 100% ot TLC 
Vt=~10%   IRV=~50%
IC=~60%     FRC=~40%
ERV=~20%    RV=~20%
VC=~80%    RV=~20%

Question 18

nomograms

Answer 18

derived from statistical analysis of a population of healthy subjects

Question 19

factors affecting norms

Answer 19

age 
gender 
height 
weight - obesity can cause restrictive pattern 
ethnic origin 
barometric pressure 
temp
humidity 
calibration

Question 20

obstruction

Answer 20

disease is increased airways resistance= airway trapping

Question 21

restrictive

Answer 21

decreased in either lung compliance or lung volumes