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PICU > PFCCS > Flashcards

PFCCS Flashcards

1
Q

Equation for cardiac output?

A

HR x stroke volume

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2
Q

Factors influencing stroke volume?

A

Preload, contractility, afterload

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3
Q

What is the earliest indicator of increased cardiac output?

A

Tachycardia

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4
Q

Normal RR for newborn?

A

30-60 breaths/min

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5
Q

Normal RR for infant (1-12 months)?

A

30-60 breaths/min

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6
Q

Normal RR for toddler (1-2 yo)?

A

24-40

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7
Q

For respiratory failure, PaO2 = ?

A

PaO2 < 60 mm Hg with FiO2 >0.6

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8
Q

For respiratory failure, PaCO2 = ?

A

PaCO2 >55 mm Hg

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9
Q

Complications post intubation (DOPE)?

A

Displacement of ETT
Obstruction
Pneumothorax
Equipment failure (ex: vent problem)

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10
Q

Ratio of compressions:breaths in peds CPR?

A

1 person - 30:2
2 people - 15:2

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11
Q

Dose of epi for peds CPR?

A

0.1 mL/kg

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12
Q

When to consider chest compressions for bradycardia?

A

HR < 60 bpm

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13
Q

Reversible causes of cardiac arrest - 6 H’s?

A

Hypovolemia
Hypoxia
Hydrogen ion (acidosis)
Hypoglycemia
Hypo- or hyperkalemia
Hypothermia

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14
Q

Reversible causes of cardiac arrest - 6 T’s?

A

Tension pneumothorax
Tamponade
Toxins
Thrombosis (pulmonary)
Thrombosis (coronary)
Trauma

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15
Q

Causes of hypoxemic respiratory failure?

A

V/Q mismatch, alveolar hypoventilation/pulmonary shunt, impaired gas diffusion, increased altitude

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16
Q

Causes of hypercapnic respiratory failure?

A

Decreased RR, decreased tidal volume, increased dead space
Alveolar hypoventilation

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17
Q

21% O2 = _ PaO2

A

90 mm Hg

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18
Q

30% O2 = _ PaO2

A

150 mm Hg

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19
Q

40% O2 = _ PaO2

A

200 mm Hg

20
Q

50% O2 = _ PaO2

A

250 mm Hg

21
Q

100% O2 = _ PaO2

A

500 mm Hg

22
Q

Normal PaO2:FiO2 ratio?

A

> 300

23
Q

Severe PaO2:FiO2 ratio?

A

<200

24
Q

Types of noninvasive ventilation?

A

CPAP, NIPPV, BiPAP

25
Q

Initial setting for infants <12 mos:
Nasal CPAP _ cm H20

A

5

26
Q

Initial noninvasive settings for toddlers 1-2 yo:
IPAP: _
EPAP: _
FiO2: _

A

IPAP: 8 cm H2O
EPAP: 4 cm H2O
FiO2: 1.0

Backup rate appropriate for age and disease

27
Q

Initial noninvasive settings for children >2 yo:
IPAP: _
EPAP: _
FiO2: _

A

IPAP: 10 cm H2O
EPAP: 5 cm H2O
FiO2: 1.0

Backup rate appropriate for age and disease

28
Q

Initial tidal volume setting for ventilator?

A

TV = 6-8 mL/kg

29
Q

Initial rate for ventilator based on age:

<6 mos: _
6 mos to 2 years: _
>2 years: _

A

<6 mos: 24-30 breaths/min
6 mos to 2 years: 20-24 breaths/min
>2 years: start at 20 breaths/min

30
Q

Physiologic PEEP?

A

3-5 cm H2O

31
Q

Initial pressure support setting for ventilator?

A

5-10 cm H2O

32
Q

Inspiratory plateau pressure is an indicator of?

A

Alveolar distension

33
Q

What are some adverse effects of Pplat > 30 cm H2O?

A

Barotrauma, volutrauma, hemodynamic compromise

34
Q

How to decrease Pplat?

A

Decrease PEEP or tidal volume

35
Q

What are determinants of oxygen delivery?

A

Blood pressure, cardiac output, oxygen content

36
Q

For persistent warm shock, use norepi or epi?

A

Warm = norepi

37
Q

For persistent cold shock, use norepi or epi?

A

Cold = epi

38
Q

How to treat cardiogenic shock due to SVT?

A

ABCs
Vagal maneuvers (ice to face) and/or adenosine WHILE setting up synchronized cardioversion

Never give CCB to infants
Exclude CHD

39
Q

How to treat cardiogenic shock due to ductal-dependent lesion?

A

ABCs
Small 5-10 mL/kg fluid boluses
PGE1 0.05 mcg/kg/min

Anticipate apnea with PGE use (use atropine for intubation)

40
Q

Morphine or benzos may precipitate ____tension in obstructive shock

A

Hypotension

41
Q

Antibiotics for toxic shock syndrome?

A

Clindamycin + vancomycin

42
Q

Antibiotics for necrotizing fasciitis?

A

High-dose IV clindamycin and high-dose penicillin

Add vancomycin/daptomycin if MRSA suspected

43
Q

How to calculate sodium deficit for symptomatic hyponatremia?

A

0.6. x (weight in kg) x target Na minus measured Na

Ex: to bring Na up by 5 mEq, give 0.6 x 10 kg x 5 mEq = 30 mEq = 60 mL 3% saline

44
Q

Once seizures are controlled, remainder of sodium deficit should be increased by?

A

0.5-1.0 mEq/L/hr

45
Q
A

PICU (1 decks)

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