Peterson Disease Profiles

Question 1

How do you feed starving horses

Answer 1

Low glycemic index, roughage/alfalfa at first at 50-75% of maintenance requirement based on current BW and gradually build up over 10 days, at 10-14 days gradually introduce concentrate, can increase feed to 125%

Question 2

How to feed horses with equine metabolic syndrome

Answer 2

Low glycemic index diet, late cut hay, no grass pasture until controlled then use a grazing muzzle, put on pasture in morning when NSC is low, increase exercise

Question 3

How to feed horses with PPID

Answer 3

Similar to equine metabolic disorder, low glycemic index/forage diet, avoid pasture high in NSCs (graze in AM), soak hay

Question 4

How to treat a horse with hyperlipemia

Answer 4

Eliminate stress, reduce LDLs, enteral nutrition: if using a feeding tube use a liquified pelleted diet, parenteral nutrition: if using an IV use lipid free parenteral diet

Question 5

Valgus

Answer 5

Lateral forelimb deviation

Question 6

Varus

Answer 6

Medial forelimb deviation

Question 7

Where is osteochondrosis/osteochondritis most common

Answer 7

Distal intermediate ridge of tibia, lateral trochlear ridge of femur, and medial femoral condyle

Question 8

Rank the types of milk from best to worst for orphan foals

Answer 8

Mares milk, goat milk, cow milk

Question 9

Which medication can induce lactation in mares

Answer 9

Altrenogest, domperidone, estradiol, sulpride

Question 10

Why is hand rearing not ideal

Answer 10

It results in behavioral issues

Question 11

How do you treat and prevent choke

Answer 11

Sedate, pass an NG tube, and break up obstruction. Soak food and separate the bully.

Question 12

Are there commercial formulas of Mare’s milk available

Answer 12

Yes, powder and pellet form

Question 13

What leads to horses developing vices

Answer 13

Boredom, low roughage diet, prolonged confinement.

Question 14

What are concerns regarding alfalfa

Answer 14

Blister beetles, toxicosis

Question 15

What are signs of blister beetle toxicity

Answer 15

Dipping muzzle in water, colic, anorexia, depression, GIT erosion, frequent urination, hematuria, colitis

Question 16

How is blister beetle toxicosis treated

Answer 16

Supportive care, no real treatment available currently

Question 17

What are the signs of drool weed (red clover ingestion)

Answer 17

Drooling, can lead to dehydration in severe cases (drools up 5 gal/day)

Question 18

Which mold and toxin are responsible for drool weed toxicosis

Answer 18

Rhizoctonia leguminicola, slaframine

Question 19

How do you treat drool weed toxicosis

Answer 19

Remove horse from red clover

Question 20

What is the result of fescue contamination with endophyte (Acremonium ceonophilum)

Answer 20

Ergot alkaloids and dopaminergic inhibition of prolactin from AP resulting in decreased prolactin and progesterone

Question 21

What is are the clinical signs associated with fescue contamination

Answer 21

Prolonged gestation, premature separation of the placenta, dystopia, retained placenta, and aglacatia

Question 22

How do you prevent fescue toxicosis

Answer 22

Move late gestation mares off pasture before 3rd trimester, cut grass, administer domperidone (dopaminergic antagonist), feed an altered fescue that is fungus free