Pesticides Flashcards
Most spray drifts consist of droplets having.
Diameters less than 200 microns
The fall rate of a spray droplet is roughly to the (_________) of the droplets diameter.
Square
In general, as air temperature increases the potential for spray drift also
Increases
For any given set of Nozzles, increasing pump pressure will;
Increase spray drift potential
Assuming all other spray systems variables, pump pressures, spray mix velocity are kept constant, the nozzle tip orifice diameter increases, the percentages of spray volume composed of small droplets
decrease
A good ag pilot should be prepared to refuse for spray service at a particular time if he thinks it is a safety hazard, etc
True
Spray drift only occurs ________ of the spray application
downwind
One of the most resent navigation tools today is GPS. GPS stand for
Global positioning system
Spray droplet size decreases as aircraft travel speed increases because
air shear action on spray droplets causes them to break up, making smaller droplets
Who is responsible for ensuring the notification provision of the Workers Protection Standard?
The on-site field crew members
In general, solid stream nozzles tend to generate
relatively coarse sprays, as do low-drift nozzles
In order to double the spray out-put from a nozzle, pump pressure must be approzimately
Quadrupled (4x increase)
Increasing the Ram-Air Spreader hopper feed rate will typically cause;
a decreased in swath width
Microweather which ground level or within plant canopy weather conditions at or near the target site,
Affects all outdoor pesticide applications
Unsatisfactory single-pass distribution patterns result from most ram-air devices if the target site application rate is either
Less than 50lbs. per acre
More than 250 lbs. per acre
Targeted ejection rate is more than 35 lbs. per second
When ferrying to and from an application site it is recommended that the aircraft maintain a minimum altitude of
500 feet
A boom discharge rate is typically expressed in
gallons per minute (gpm)
a nozzle that generates spray droplets by causing the spray mix liquid to be flung outward from the center and passes through a rotating screen is called
rotary atomizers
Resent findings of aerial drift research indicate that output from pattern nozzles are likely to;
emit drift-prone spray droplets unless the cone pattern tips have been configured to produce coarse spray droplets
pesticides formulated as a dust are
particularly prone to off target movement
Differential GPS utilizes
two GPS receivers
To obtain a current copy of revisions of 14 CFR 137 that effect the application one should contact
Superintendent of Documents U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402
According to 137, each aircraft in service must contain
a facsimile copy of the agricultural aircraft operation certificate
Of the main shapes of spray boom, which is unlikely to cause turbulence and is preferred cross-section shape of an aerial spray boom?
Airfoil (wing-shaped)
Application height is the distance between the nozzle tip and the target site
Which is 8 - 10 feet
Atmospheric stability has an impact on drift potential,
stable air promotes spray drift
Inlet vane repositioning is typically used to make;
major adjustments toward ram-air spreader swath uniformity
Unless a spray plane is being set up exclusively for low volume work, hydraulic system pupming should generally have tubing diameter greater than 1 inch
they should have approximately 2 inch tubing
Unless this will determine the swath width is to
do a pattern test
The single most important factor effecting spray drift is;
Spray droplet size
A surface active agent surfactant reduces the spray droplets dynamic surface tension, adding surfactant to a batch of spray turns out to be a good way to;
increase drift potential
Under 137 an agriculture aircraft operator certificate remains valid and effective for;
until it is surrendered, suspended, or revoled
The spray droplet spectrum of any nozzle tip is least altered by air shear when it’s nozzle mounting angle;
corresponds to airflow direction
The basic equipment required for DGPS during aerial application;
1) GPS mobile receiver
2) GPS antenna
3) lightbar
4) CPU
Whenever both state and federal law supply specific provision governs aerial application
state law governs the issue
These are 3 variables that influence that boom discharge rate
Nozzle tip size
Total number of working nozzles on the boom
At-nozzles spray pressure (pump-pressure)
Needle-and-seat check valves tend to be less labor intensive to clear the clogs that diaphragm check valves these are examples of;
Nozzle Anti-Drip Devices
The most energy efficient flight pattern
the racetrack pattern
What influences application uniformity for very low application rates of dry products;
even flow through the metering gate
Two variables that influence the treated area progress rate (apm);
swath width, speed of the aircraft as it passes over the target site
For rotor aorcraft, boom length should be
80% of rotor span
In almost every case boom length should not exceed;
75%
WAAS was recently developed by the
Federal Aviation Agency (FAA)
In general, the capacity of delivering comparably high boom outputs while working against a relativity low spray pressure makes the ___________ well suited for many aerial application equipment configuration
centrifugal pump
Propwash displacement in fised wing aircraft is caused by propeller rotation producing a spiral slipstream about the fuselage, how does this effect the spray pattern;
moves particles from the right to the left
Hydraulic piping and fittings should have a diameter of ________ for hugh volume
3 inches
A typical onboard DGPS computer enable aerial guidance, waypoints, mapping, therefore
Flaggers are eliminated
Pesticides moving offsite after contacting hot surfaces like bare soil and then evaporates with water is called
co-distillation
For complete information on the process to follow to obtain a FAA pilot certificate for agriculture operations, refer to FAA advisory circular 137-1.A. You may obtain this form from the local
FSDO
The best possible mounting configuration of a ram-air spreader is the one that causes the least turbulence. Having the smoothest airflow into, around, and out of the spreader performance and provides good application results.
True
