Pesticide Impacts On The Environment

Question 1

A pesticide that sticks to a soil particle is said to have been ________.

Answer 1

Adsorbed

Question 2

The process that occurs when a pesticide changes from a liquid into a gas or vapour is called _______.

Answer 2

Volatilization

Question 3

The unintended movement of pesticide vapour or liquid through the air is called ________.

Answer 3

Drift

Question 4

Dust blowing in the air is an example of ________ drift.

Answer 4

Soil

Question 5

When a pesticide is carried by water down through the soil, the movement is called ________.

Answer 5

Leaching

Question 6

When a pesticide changes into other compounds, this process is referred to as ________.

Answer 6

Degradation

Question 7

The transformation of a pesticide can occur through three different processes: chemical, microbial and ________ breakdown.

Answer 7

Photo

Question 8

The movement of a pesticide through the soil is most affected by the soil’s ________.

Answer 8

Texture

Question 9

The term that describes the time required for a pesticide to become reduced in quantity and strength in the environment by 50% is called its ________.

Answer 9

Half-life

Question 10

Persistent pesticides are those that ________ slowly in the environment.

Answer 10

Breakdown

Question 11

If a pesticide is applied to a heavy, clay soil, there is a good possibility that the pesticide remains on the surface and will be carried away by ________.

Answer 11

Runoff

Question 12

Volatilization of a pesticide can be reduced by not spraying when the temperature is ________.

Answer 12

Hot

Question 13

One way to reduce run off is to avoid spraying when ________ is forecasted.

Answer 13

Rain

Question 14

To reduce spray drift it is good practice to use spray nozzles that produce ________ droplets.

Answer 14

Large

Question 15

To reduce leaching it is good practice not to ________ for 24 hours after applying a pesticide.

Answer 15

Irrigate

Question 16

A temperature inversion occurs when
________ air sits on top of ________ air.

Answer 16

Hot, cold

Question 17

A temperature inversion increases drift because air moves ________ during this time.

Answer 17

Sideways

Question 18

Pesticide runoff is more likely to occur on ________ land areas.

Answer 18

Slopped

Question 19

Which of the following properties best explains why a pesticide will move with water as surface runoff?

Answer 19

High solubility

Question 20

Which of the following statements about contamination of water by pesticides is TRUE?
Pesticides cannot reach groundwater as a result of runoff
Groundwater contamination is high when a rain immediately follows application
Pesticide contaminated surface water rarely reaches the water table
Erosion is not a factor that contributes to water contamination

Answer 20

Groundwater contamination is high when a rain immediately follows application

Question 21

What two factors should applicators be most concerned about to avoid spray drift?

Answer 21

Droplet size and wind speed

Question 22

What two factors should applicators be most concerned about to avoid vapour drift?

Answer 22

Temperature and pesticide volatility

Question 23

Which of the following factors affect runoff?
1. Surface slope
2. Existing moisture in the soil
3. Air temperature
4. Amount of surface vegetation

Answer 23

1, 2, 4

Question 24

Under which conditions is groundwater contamination most likely to occur?
a. Heavy clay soil where ground water is shallow
b. Heavy clay soil where ground water is deep
c. A sandy soil where ground water is shallow
d. A permeable soil where ground water is deep

Answer 24

A sandy soil where ground water is shallow

Question 25

Pesticide contamination that comes from one primary location is said to be ________ source.

Answer 25

Point

Question 26

The point in the soil below which all space is filled with water is called the ________.

Answer 26

Water table

Question 27

Some pesticides are more toxic to ________ life than to humans.

Answer 27

Aquatic

Question 28

On of the best ways to protect bodies of water is to create a/an _______ area before applying a pesticide.

Answer 28

Buffer

Question 29

The leaching of pesticides in the soil can result in the contamination of ________.

Answer 29

Ground water

Question 30

Back siphoning describes the danger of a pesticide moving from the ________ to a/an ________.

Answer 30

Tank, water source

Question 31

Contamination form the application of a pesticide at too high a rate is called ________ source contamination.

Answer 31

Non-point

Question 32

Which one of the following is an example of point source contamination by a pesticide?
Back-siphoning of a pesticide
Vapour drift
Spray drift
Leaching of pesticide through the soil after rain

Answer 32

Back-siphoning of a pesticide

Question 33

Which of the following is an example of non-point source contamination by a pesticide?
Back-siphoning of a pesticide
Improper dumping of a pesticide
Spill of pesticide in a mixing area d.
Leaching of pesticide through the soil after rain

Answer 33

Leaching of pesticide through the soil after rain

Question 34

Which of the following practices reduce the possibility of water contamination?
1. Filling a sprayer away from water bodies
2. Creating buffer zones
3. Spraying when weather is hot
4. Reducing the area of treatment

Answer 34

1, 2 and 4