Pesticide Core Flashcards
Explain the difference between the terms label and labeling
The label is information printed on or attached to the pesticide container labeling includes this label itself plus all other information you receive from the manufacture about the product when you buy it
What do the words restricted use pesticide tell you about the pesticide product
Restricted use pesticide means that the product has been shown to be likely to harm people or the environment if it is not used correctly it may be purchased and used only by certified applicators and those under their direct supervision
Where would you look to find out whether a pesticide is classified as restricted use
If a pesticide is classified as restricted use the words restricted use pesticide will appear in a box on the front panel of the pesticide label
Explain the differences between chemical name common name and brand name which of these terms should you use to most accurately identify a pesticide product
The chemical name is a complex name that a defect identifies the chemical components and structure of the pesticide
a common name is shorter name that EPA recognizes as a substitute for the chemical name or a product
a brand-name is a name usually a trademark used by a chemical company to identify the pesticide product
the common name or the chemical name is non-common name is given the most accurate and useful way to identify a pesticide product
Name and explain the meaning of the signal word and symbol you may see on a pesticide product
Caution indicates that pesticide product is slightly toxic or relatively nontoxic
warning indicates that the pesticide product is moderately toxic
danger indicates that the pesticide product is highly toxic poison and
a skull and crossbones indicates that the pesticide product is highly toxic as a poison rather than a skin or Eye irritant
Can you use the signal word on a pesticide label to judge the likelihood of suffering a cute delayed or allergic affect if you are over exposed to the product explain
A signal word and symbol indicate the likelihood that you will experience acute harmful effects if you are over expose signal words do not tell you anything about the risk of delayed harmful effects or allergic affect
What types of hazard statement should you look for in a pesticide labeling
You should look for precautions about hazard to humans and domestic animals environment hazards and physical chemical hazards
What types of precautionary statements may be included in the labeling section titled hazard to humans
Acute effects
precautions delayed effects
precautions allergic effect
precautions and personal protective equipment requirements may be in the section of the labeling titled hazard to humans
What is the meaning of the statement it is a violation of federal law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling
It is illegal to use a pesticide in anyway not permitted by the labeling a pesticide may be used only on the plants animals or sites named in the directions for use you may not use higher dosages higher concentrations or more frequent applications you must follow all directions for use including directions concerning safety mixing diluting storage and disposal you must wear a specifiief personal protective equipment even though you may be risking only your own safety by not wearing it
Does the pesticide label containing all the instructions and directions for use that you need to use the product safely and legally
Some pesticide products have all necessary instructions and directions for the use of the product labeling for other products more instructions and directions maybe in other labeling and companies the product at the time of purchase the labeling or label of still other other products may refer to separate documents that contain specific instructions and directions pesticide users are required by law to comply with all these types of instructions and directions not just with the label itself
What is a pesticide Formulation
A pesticide formulation is the mixture of active and Inert in active ingredients that forms a pesticide product
What is the difference between active ingredients an inner ingredients
Active ingredients are the chemicals in a pesticide product that control pests inert ingredients are the chemicals in a pesticide product that are added to make the product safer more effective easier to measure mix and apply and more convenient to handle
What types of factors should you consider when you have a choice of formulations for a pest control task
You should think about the characteristics of each formulation and you should consider which of the formulations advantages and disadvantages are important in your application situation also consider the following do you have the right Application equipment can you apply the formulation safely will the formulation reach the target and stay in place long enough to control the past might the formulation harm the target site
If you had a choice of either a wettable powder formulation or a granular formulation for a particular pest control task which would be the best if drift were a major concern which would be the best if you need a pesticide to stay on a surface that is not level such as foliage
The granular formulation would be the best choice in the first situation because granules have a much lower drift hazard than wettable powder‘s granules do not stick to no non-level surfaces so the wettable powder would be the best choice in the second situation
If you had a choice of either a wetable powder or an emulsifiable concentrates for a particular pest control task which would be better if you were concerned about harming the treated surface which would be the best if you were deluding with very hard or alkaline water
The wettable powder would be the best choice in the first situation because EC‘s are corrosive and may cause pitting discoloration and other damage to treated surface wetable powders are difficult to mix and very hard to very alkaline water so the emulsified formulation would be best choice in the second situation
Why are a adjuvants sometimes added to pesticide formulations
Adjuvence are added to a pesticide formulation or tank mix to increase effectiveness or safety
What types of a Jouvence should you consider for three juicing drift for coding a surface evenly when you wish to combine two or more pesticides 481 application
Foaming agents and thickeners help to reduce drift spreaders help to coat the treated surface with an even layer of pesticide compatibility agents aid in combining pesticides effectively
What is the environment
Environment is everything that surrounds us indoor and outdoor including natural elements man-made objects people and other living organisms
Explain what it is meant by point source and nonpoint source contamination of the environment by pesticides and give an example of each
Point source pollution comes from a specific identifiable place point a pesticide spill that moves into a storm sewer is an example of a point source pollution
nonpoint source pollution comes from a wide area the movement of pesticides into streams after broadcast application is an example of a non-point source pollution
Name some ways that careless pesticide handling could lead to point source pollution
Ways that careless pesticides handling could cause point source pollution include for example
mismanaging of wash water and spills produced at equipment cleanup site
Improper disposal of containers water from rinsing containers and excess pesticides
failure to correctly clean up leaks and spills at pesticide storage site
spilling pesticides while mixing concentrates or loading pesticides into application equipment
What environmental factors should you consider any time you accidentally or intentionally release a pesticide into an environment
Consider whether there are sensitive areas in the environment at the pesticide you say that might be harmed by contact with the pesticide
Weather there are sensitive offsite areas near the you site that might harmed by contact with the pesticide
Whether there are conditions in the immediate environment that might cause the pesticide to move offsite
Whether you can change any factors in your application we’re in the pesticide use site to reduce the risk of environmental contamination

What is a sensitive area give four examples of sensitive areas that you must be especially careful to protect when you are handling pesticides
Sensitive areas or sites or living things in environments that are easily injured by pesticides some examples of sensitive areas are places where pesticides might get into the water or surface water homeschools playgrounds hospitals and other places were people are present places where there are animals endangered species bees other wildlife livestock pets places where crops ornamental plants or other sensitive plants are growing and areas were food or feed is processed stored or serve
List three roots by which pesticides can move offsite
In air through wind or through air currents generated by ventilation systems
In water through runoff or leaching
One or in objects plants or animals including humans that move or are moved offsite
What factors influence whether a pesticide will move offsite in the air
Droplet or particle size
Height and direction of release
Whether the pesticide tends to form vapor
Name two circumstances that may cause a pesticide to move offsite inwater
Too much liquid pesticide is applied leaked or spilled onto a surface
Too much rain water irrigation water or water washes gets onto a surface that contains pesticide residue
Give some examples of ways the pesticides can move offsite on or in objects plants or animals
Pesticides may be carried offsite if they stick to such things as shoes or clothing animal fur or blowing dust anything that moves from the youth site to another location
Pesticide residue May remain on treated surfaces such as food or feed products when they are taken from the use site to be sold
In addition to direct contact with a pesticide during application or through drift or runoff how else may nontarget plants and animals be harmed by pesticide
Non-tatarget plants and animals may be harm by pesticide residue that stay an environment for a period of time after the release these can be residue that remain in the soil or the surface where they may be residus that build up in the bodies of animals harming those animals themselves and sometimes other animals that feed on them
What kinds of damage can some pesticides cause to surface
Surfaces may become discolored be pitted or marked be corroded or obstructed or be left with a visible deposit
Which pesticide handling activities pose a threat to ground water or endangered species
All handling activities may pose a threat including mixing loading applying equipment cleaning storage transporting disposal and spill cleanup
Why is the location of your pesticides you site the main factor that determines whether you must take special action to protect endangered species or ground water
The special limitations on pesticide use are usually in affect only in locations where endangered species live or are being introduced and in areas where groundwater is especially likely to become contaminated unless your pesticide you say it is in one of these places the special restrictions do not apply to you
How will you know if you must take special action to protect endangered species or groundwater
The pesticide labeling will tell you if special measures are necessary but it may not contain the detailed instructions that you must follow the labeling may instruct you to get these from another source
What are some factors that determine whether pesticides will reach groundwater
The factors include practices followed by pesticide users presence or absence of water on the surface of the site where the pesticides are released chemical characteristics of a pesticide type of soil in the site where the pesticides are released location of the groundwater its distance from the surface and the type of geological formations above it
How can you prevent pesticides from reaching groundwater
Avoid using more pesticide in the labeling directs Avoid application methods that present risks keep pesticides from back siphoning into your water source locate pesticide storage facilities at least 100 feet from Wells Springs sinkholes and other sites are directly linked to groundwater locate mix load sites and equipment cleaning size at least 100 feet from surface water or from direct link to ground water or take precautions to protect those sites dispose of unused pesticides pesticide containers and equipment and container rinse water correctly
Explain why the amount of water on the surface of the soil at the pesticide you say is an important factor in groundwater contamination
If there is more water on the soil than the soil can hold the water along with any pesticide it contains it’s likely to move downward to the ground water
Explain how the solubility absorption and persistence of a pesticide affect its ability to move into groundwater
Solubility some pesticides dissolve easily in water and are more likely to move into water systems
Absorption some pesticides become tightly attached strongly absorbed to soil particles and are not likely to move out of the soil and into water systems
Persistence some pesticides do not break down quickly and remain in the environment for a long time so are more likely to move into the ground water
What types of soil slow the movement of pesticides into groundwater what types permit rapid movement
Soils that are fine textured and contain organic matters slow and downward movement over water containing pesticides course Sandy soils generally allow water to carry pesticides rapily downward
What geologic factor affect the movement of pesticides into groundwater
Distance to groundwater permeability of geologic layers in the presence or absence of sinkholes
What is an endangered species
An endangered species is a plant or animal that is in danger of becoming extinct
What is a habitat
A habitat is an area of land water or air space that an endangered species needs for survival such areas include breeding sites source of food cover and shelter and enough surrounding territory to give room for normal population growth and behavior
What is biological diversity
Biological diversity is the variety and differences among living things and complex ways to interact
How can pesticides harm endangered species
Pesticides may harm endangered species by direct contact by disrupting or destroying sources of food and shelter by contaminating water ingested by or inhabited by endangered organisms by building up a dangerous level in endangered predators that feed on plants or animals exposed to pesticides
Explain the term hazard toxicity and exposure and tell how they relate to one another
Hazard is the risk of harmful effects from pacifier sides toxicity is a measure of the ability of a pesticide to cause harm for fax exposure is a total amount of pesticide that gets on or in the body hazard =toxicity x exposure
What are four routes through which pesticides can contact your body and cause you to be exposed
Oral exposure when you swallow pesticide
Inhalation exposure when you inhale pesticide
Ocular exposure when you get a pesticide in your eye
Dermal exposure when you get a pesticide when your skin
Which route of exposure should you as a pesticide handler be most concerned about
Exposure to the skin is the most common route of exposure for pesticide handlers
What three factors determine how much pesticide will be absorbed through the skin and into your body
Amount of pesticide that is absorbed through your skin and eyes and into your body depends on
The pesticide itself in the material used to dilute the pesticide
Which area of the body is exposed
The condition of the skin that is exposed
Explain acute effect the late effect and allergic affect
Acute effect are illnesses or injuries that may. Immediately after exposure to a pesticide usually within 24 hours the late effect our illnesses or injuries that do not appear immediately within 24 hours after exposure to a pesticide or combination of pesticides allergic effect or harmful effects that some people develop in reaction to pesticides that do not cause the same reaction in most other people
How can you avoid harmful effects from pesticides
Avoiding and reducing exposure to pest aside will reduce the harmful effect from pesticides you can avoid exposure by using safety system such as close systems and enclosed cabs and you can reduce exposure by wearing appropriate personal protective equipment washing exposed areas often and keeping your personal protective equipment cleaning in good operating condition
Name four signs or symptoms of pesticide poisoning and to signs or symptoms of irritation effects from pesticides 
Pesticide poisoning may cause nausea vomiting diarrhea and or stomach cramps headaches dizziness weakness and or confusion excessive sweating chills and Arthur’s chest pains difficulty breathing cramps in your muscles are aches all over your body external irritations may cause redness blisters rash or burns on the skin and swelling is Sting sensation or burns in the eyes nose mouth her throat
