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Okemos 2023-2024 > PES final review- semester 2 > Flashcards

PES final review- semester 2 Flashcards

1
Q

define: analog

A

uses data points/direct info. (directly replaces waves)

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2
Q

define: digital

A

transmits info in binary code

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3
Q

advantages of analog:

A

directly replaced

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4
Q

advantages of digital:

A

faster, more reliable

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5
Q

disadvantages of analog:

A

not as accurate when interfered, slower and lower quality

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6
Q

disadvantages of digital:

A

easily hacked

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7
Q

define: force (F)

A

a push or a pull

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8
Q

define: net force (ohms)

A

total force

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9
Q

define: acceleration (a)

A

speed up, slow down, or change direction

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10
Q

define: speed (v)

A

rate at which smth moves

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11
Q

define: velocity (v)

A

speed + direction

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12
Q

momentum (p)

A

the force or speed of an object

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13
Q

impulse (I)

A

change in momentum

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14
Q

describe the role of momentum in a collision:

A

momentum doesn’t change from before to after the collision

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15
Q

“fixed impulse”

A

impulse = same before and after collison

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16
Q

relationship between F and time in a “fixed impulse” situation:

A

more mass = less acceleration
(one goes up, one goes down)

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17
Q

safety features in a car:

A
  • crumple zone
  • seat belt
  • air bag
  • smth cage
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18
Q

define: current (amps, A)

A

flow of voltage

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19
Q

define: resistance (ohms)

A

opposition to flow of current

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20
Q

define: voltage (v, volts)

A

pushes the current

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21
Q

define: charge

A

electrons and protons

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22
Q

a closed circuit…

A

has current flowing

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23
Q

an open circuit…

A

does not have current flowing

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24
Q

a shorted circuit…

A

has no resistance

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25
Q

how do you find the voltage in a circuit?

A

total voltage/total resistance

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26
Q

voltage pushes the…

A

current

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27
Q

what would happen to the brightness if you lower the voltage in a series circuit?

A

it would dim

28
Q

how many currents do you solve for in a parallel circuit?

A

3

29
Q

equation for voltage:

A

V = I * R

30
Q

high resistance = high resistance in…

A

voltage

31
Q

when an object gains momentum, what changes? (speed or mass)

A

speed

32
Q

Newton’s 1st law =

A

force causes acceleration

33
Q

small mass =

A

bigger acceleration

34
Q

define: impulse

A

a change in momentum

35
Q

why can’t you change the impulse in a car crash?

A

speed will be zero, and at the beginning of the crash its too late to hit the break

36
Q

true or false: the acceleration an object experiences is determined by the net force

A

true

37
Q

if the arrows in a box diagram are going in the same direction, you…

A

add

38
Q

if the arrows in a box diagram are going in different directions, you…

A

subtract

39
Q

weight is defined as:

A

a force/pull of gravity

40
Q

define: “normal force”

A

perpendicular to the ground

41
Q

units for…
time
weight
mass
distance
force
velocity
acceleration

A

time: SECONDS
weight: Kg
mass: Kg
distance: METERS
force: M/S
velocity: V/2
acceleration: M/S^2

42
Q

atomic mass =

A

average mass number

43
Q

atomic number =

A

of protons

44
Q

mass number =

A

sum of protons and neutrons

45
Q

electron =

A
  • outside the nucleus
  • negative
  • charge of -1
46
Q

proton =

A
  • inside the nucleus
  • positive
  • IS the atomic number
  • +1 charge
47
Q

neutron

A
  • inside the nucleus
  • neutral
  • mass number minus atomic number
  • no charge
48
Q

ion =

A

an atom that has a charge of + or -

49
Q

isotope =

A

a form of a chemical element in which the atoms have the same number of protons (part of the nucleus of an atom) but with a different number of neutrons (part of the nucleus of an atom)

50
Q

electron cloud =

A

the area around an atom’s nucleus where electrons are most likely to be found

51
Q

valence electrons =

A

the electrons in the outermost shell, or energy level, of an atom

52
Q

period =

A

a horizontal row of the periodic table

53
Q

families =

A

vertical columns

54
Q

ionization =

A

the energy needed to rip off an electron

55
Q

an atom always contains the same number of…

A

protons

56
Q

covalent bonding =

A

two non metals

57
Q

ionic bonding =

A

1 metal and 1 non metal

58
Q

you draw dot structures for…

A

covalent bonding

59
Q

you create equations for…

A

ionic bonding

60
Q

for metallic bonding you need to…

A

do nothing

61
Q

define: fission

A

division of a heavy atom into 2 light atoms

62
Q

define: fusion

A

two light atoms combine to form a larger atom

63
Q

what are the 3 types of nuclear decay?

A

alpha, beta and gamma decay

64
Q

describe: half life

A

the amount of time it takes for 1/2 of a radio active substance to decay

65
Q

the more data you have, the more…

A

accurate your prediction will be

66
Q

decay predictions based on…

A

probability

67
Q
A

Okemos 2023-2024 (3 decks)

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