Perspectives On The Family

Question 1

Parson (1955) Functionalist

Answer 1

The nuclear family performs only two functions for the family and society.

Primary socialisation of children - whereby children learn and accept the norms and values of society.

Stabilisation of personalities - through emotional relationship between parents. The emotional relationship gives the support and security. Acting like a ‘sanctuary’ from the stress of everyday life.

Question 2

Engels (1884) Marxist

Answer 2

The family has an economic function of keeping the wealth within the bourgeoisie by passing on to the new generation. Through inheritance (ascribed status - norms and values plus wealth)

Question 3

Zarrtsky (1976) Marxist

Answer 3

The family is one place in society where the proletariat can have power and control. When the man comes home, he becomes the ‘king of his castle’. Relating the frustration of accepting his oppression at work.

Question 4

Oakley (1974) Feminist

Answer 4

Identified the inequality related to the role of domestic labour between both male and female partners. 76% of employed women are housewives.

Question 5

Ansley (1972) Feminist

Answer 5

Says how women are the “takers of shit” at home, as they are a victim of a patriarchal family.
Parson describes the home as a ‘warm bath’ but Ansley highlights conflict in relation to make partners being the victims of a capitalist frustration.

Question 6

Murdock (1949) Functionalist

Answer 6

Four functions of the nuclear family toward society.

Stable sex drive - benefitting members of monogamous relationships.

Reproductive - creates a new workforce for future generations.

Economic - provide an economic support for members of the family e.g. Housing, food etc.

Educational - socialisation of the young to accept norms and values of existing society