Personality Disorders & Forensics Flashcards
define a personality disorder
marked disturbance in personality functioning, which is nearly always associated with considerable personal and social disruption
define personality
an individual’s characteristic way of behaving, experiencing life and of perceiving and interpreting themselves, other people, events, situations
central manifestations of PD
impairments in:
- aspects of the self
- problems in interpersonal functioning
which are manifested in maladaptive patterns of cognition / emotional experience / emotional expression / behaviour
how does PD affect life
causes distresss /significant impairment in personal / family / social / educational / occupational / other important areas of functioning
a presentation can not be described as PD if it is..
developmentally appropriate
explained primarily by social or cultural factors
diagnostic requirements of PD
problems in self / interpersonal functioning
persistent over extended period of time
cognitive / emotional experience / emotional expression / behaviour that is maladaptive
seen across a range of personal / social situations
associated with distress / dysfunction
exclusion criteria of PD
sx due to medication / substance effects / other medical or psych condition
developmentally appropriate
explained by social / cultural factors including socio-political conflict
difference between moderate and severe PD categories
moderate = some impairment / harming features
severe = global impairment of social / cognitive / behaviour / emotion
what is personality difficulty
traits of PD but not pervasive course
PD groups
A = odd, eccentric
B = dramatoc, emotional, erratic
C = anxious / fearful
A PDs
paranoid
schizoid
schizotypal
B PDs
antisocial
boderline
histrionic
narcassitic
C PDs
avoidant
dependent
Obessive compulsive
features of paranoid PD
excessive sensitivity to setbacks / criticism
suspicious
perceive others as hostile / contemptuous
easily feel rejected
hold grudges
excessive self importance
features of schizoid PD
withdraw from affectional / social / other contacts
emotionally cold
preference for fantasy, solitary activities, introspection
limited capacity to express feelings and experience pleasure
features of schizotypal PD
inapprorpriate / constricted affect
socially withdrawn
behaviour / apperance that is cold / eccentric / perculiar
odd beliefs / magical thinking, influencing behaviour and inconsistent with subcultural norms
suspiciousness or paranoid ideas
unusual perceptual experiences inc bodily illusions, depersonalisation, derealisation
occasional transient quasi-psychotic episodes with illusions / hallucinations
what is schizoid PD similar to
ASD
difference between schizoid and schizotypal
schizotypal is part of schizophrenia
has positive symptoms of schizophrenia
features of antisocial PD
persistent disregard for morals, social norms, rights of others
callous about feelings of others
low tolerance to frustration
aggressive
frequent offenders
impulsive
lack of remorse
behaviour not modifiable by adverse experience
difference between schizotypal and schizophrenia
phrenia has delusions (FIXED)
EUPD features
difficulties managing emotions / behaviours
impulsive with consideration of consequences
unpredictable mood
emotional instability
lack of impulse control
chronic feelings of emptiness
intense / unstable interpersonal relationships
histrionic PD features
shallow and labile affect
self dramatisation / theatricality / exaggerated expression of emotions
seeking appreciation / excitement / attention
self centred
lack of consideration of others
narcissistic PD features
gradiosity with expectations of superior treatment from other people
fixation on fantasies of power / success / intelligence / attractiveness
self perception of being unique / superior
associated with high status people and institutions
need for continual admiration from others
avoidant PD features
feelings of tension / apprehension
insecurity / inferiority
continuous yearning to be liked and accepted
hypersensitivity to rejection / criticism
restricted personal attachments
tendency to avoid certain activities by habitual exaggeration of potential dangers or risks in everyday situations
