Personality disorders Flashcards
Hallmarks of problem caused by dysfunctional PD
Pervasive (occurs in almost all areas of life)
Persistent (evidence from adolescence and continues into adulthood)
Pathological (causes distress to self and others)
Aetiology of PD
Genetic componene Childhood temperament (innate and biologically shaped basic disposition to an emotional response) Childhood experience (neglect, trauma, abuse - especially in EUPD)
Neurochemical imbalance
Prevalence of PD in certain populations
Community - 10%
Prison - 50%
Psychiatric inpatients - 40%
Prognosis of PD
Cluster B is linked with a higher rate of suicide - impulsivity and emotional instability
Cluster B disorder less common with age (less impulsive?)
What are the 3 clusters of PD?
A - odd and eccentric
(Schizoid, Paranoid, Schizotypal)
Cluster B - dramatic and emotional.
(antisocial, histrionic, borderline (EUPD), narcissistic)
Cluster C - anxious and fearful (anankastic, anxious, dependent)
ICD 10 of paranoid personality disorder
SUSPECT Sensitive Unforgiving Suspicious Possessive and jealous Excessive self-importance Conspiracy theories Tenacious sense of right
ICD 10 of Schizoid Personality Disorder
ALL ALONE Anhedonic Limited emotional range Little sexual interest Apparent indifference to praise or criticism Lack of close relationships One-player activities Normal social conventions ignored Excessive fantasy world
ICD 10 of Dissocial Personality Disorder
FIGHTS Forms but cannot maintain relationship Irresponsible Heartless Temper easily lost Someone else's fault
ICD 10 of Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder (EUPD)
2 types: borderline and impulsive
Borderline: SCARS Self-image Chronic "empty" feeling Abandonment fears Relationships are intense and unstable Suicide attempts and self-harm Pseudohallucinations (occasionally)
Impulsive: LOSE IT Lacks impulse control Outburst or threat of violence Sensitivity to being criticised or let down Emotional instability Inability to plan ahead Thoughtless of consequences
Common features: Affective instability Explosive behaviors Impuslive Outbursts of anger Unable to plan or consider consequence
ICD 10 of histrionic PD
ACTORS Attention seeking Concerned with own appearance Theatrical Open to suggestion Racy and seductive Shallow affect
ICD 10 of anankastic PD
DETAILED Doubtful Excessive detail Tasks not completed Adheres to rules Inflexible Likes own way Excludes pleasure and relationships Dominated by intrusive thoughts
ICD 10 of anxious personality disorder
AFRAID Avoid social contact Fears rejection/criticism Restricted lifestyle Apprehensive Inferiority Doesn't get involved unless sure of acceptance
ICD 10 of dependent personality disorder
SUFFER
Subordinate Undemanding Feels helpless when alone Fears abandonment Encourages others to take decisions Reassurance needed
Co-morbidity of PDs
Anxiety disorder - with cluster C
Depression - difficult to spot in EUPD (mood problems assumed to be consequence of emotional lability)
PTSD
Substance misuse and alcoholism
Adjustment disorder/stress reaction
Short term management of PD
Consider risk - self-harm
Consider co-morbidities
Carry out risk assessment
