Personality Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
What are cluster A personality disorders? List them
A
Eccentric disorders
- Paranoid
- Schizoid
- Schizotypal
2
Q
What are cluster B personality disorders? List them
A
Dramatic Disorders
- Antisocial
- Borderline
- Histrionic
- Narcissistic
3
Q
What are cluster C personality disorders? List them
A
Anxious disorders
- Avoidant
- Dependent
- Obsessive-compulsive
4
Q
Define personality disorder
A
- Enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour that deviates markedly from the expectations of an individuals culture
- Is pervasive and inflexible
- Onset in adolescence or early adulthood
- Leads to distress or impairment in two or more life domains
5
Q
What traits are associated with cluster A disorders?
A
Eccentric, having abnormal:
- cognition (suspicious)
- Self expression (odd speech)
- Relation to others (reclusive)
6
Q
What traits are associated with cluster B disorders?
A
Dramatic
- violating social norms or rights of others (criminal)
- impulsive
- excessive emotion
- grandiosity
- tantrums
- acting-out (anger, self harm)
7
Q
What traits are associated with cluster C disorders?
A
Anxious
- abnormal fears involving social relationships, separation, and need for control
8
Q
What are the 5 personality traits in the Major trait theory?
A
- Conscientiousness
- Agreeableness
- Neuroticism
- Openness to experience
- Extraversion
- CANOE*
9
Q
What is neuroticism?
A
Tendency to:
- worry
- feel nervous
- be self conscious
- temperamental
- high strung
10
Q
True or False:
- 9 to 16% of the general population has 1+ personality disorder?
A
- True
- Increases to 30-50% in psych out patients
11
Q
Which personality disorder is most common in men?
A
- Antisocial personality disorder
12
Q
Which 3 personality disorders are most common in women?
A
- Borderline
- Histrionic
- Dependent
13
Q
Schizoid, Schizotypal and Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are seen most commonly in which gender?
A
- Relatively equal distribution
14
Q
Which personality disorder cannot be diagnosed until at least the age of 18 years?
A
- Antisocial
15
Q
- For a personality disorder to be diagnosed before the age of 18 what additional criteria must be met?
A
- Maladaptive features must have been present for at least 1 year
16
Q
True or False: Nearly all personal with personality disorder have a comorbid mental illness?
A
- True
- Major depression is most common
17
Q
Which personality disorder has a genetic link to schizophrenia?
A
- Schizotypal
18
Q
Why don’t people with PD seek help from doctors typically?
A
- Unaware of issue
- View others as problem sources
- Typically picked up when seeking help due to consequences of having PD (depression, relationship trouble, work trouble)
19
Q
In which personality disorder is there a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others?
A
Paranoid
20
Q
In the DSM 5 “A” criteria for paranoid personality disorder how many of the 7 is sufficient for diagnosis? List as many as you can
A
4 of 7 of:
1) Suspects others are exploiting, harming, of deceiving them w/o evidence
2) Preoccupied w unjust doubts about loyalty, trustworthiness of peers
3) Reluctant to confide in others due to fear info will be used maliciously against them
4) interprets benign remarks as harmful or demeaning
5) Persistently bears grudges
6) Perceives attacks on character that are not apparent to others and quick to retaliate
7) Recurrent suspicions regarding fidelity of partner w/o justification
21
Q
A pervastive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings describes which personality disorder?
A
- Schizoid
22
Q
In the DSM 5 “A” criteria for schizoid personality disorder how many of the 7 is sufficient for diagnosis? List as many as you can
A
4 of 7 of:
1) doesn’t desire or enjoy close relationships
2) almost always chooses solitary activities
3) Little or no interest in sexual experiences with others
4) enjoys few or no activities
5) lacks close relationships other than 1st degree relatives
6) Is indifferent to praise or criticism from others
7) Shows emotional coldness, detachment or flattened affectivity
23
Q
Which PD is the following associated with? Little or no interest in sexual experiences with others
A
- Schizoid
24
Q
Which PD is the following associated with? doesn’t desire or enjoy close relationships
A
- Schizoid
25
Which PD is the following associated with? Shows emotional coldness, detachment or flattened affectivity
- Schizoid
26
Which PD is the following associated with? Is indifferent to praise or criticism from others
- Schizoid
27
Which PD is the following associated with? lacks close relationships other than 1st degree relatives
- Schizoid
| - Schizotypal
28
Which PD is the following associated with? Perceives attacks on character that are not apparent to others and quick to retaliate
- Paranoid
29
Which PD is the following associated with? almost always chooses solitary activities
- Schizoid
30
Which PD is the following associated with? Recurrent suspicions regarding fidelity of partner w/o justification
- Paranoid
31
Which PD is the following associated with?
| Persistently bears grudges
- Paranoid
32
Which PD is the following associated with? Preoccupied w unjust doubts about loyalty, trustworthiness of peers
- Paranoid
33
A patient has little to no social contacts but expresses a strong desire for social contact. Do you suspect schizoid or avoidant personality disorder?
- Avoidant
| - Schizoid have no interest in socializing
34
social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort and reduced capacity for close relationships and well as cognitive and perceptual distortions and eccentric behaviour is associated with which personality disorder?
- Schizotypal
35
How many of the 9 traits must be present for a diagnosis of schizotypal personality disorder?
- 5 of 9
36
Ideas of reference (excluding delusions of reference) are associated with what?
- Schizotypal
37
Which PD is the following associated with? Odd beliefs, magical thinking that is inconsistent with cultural norms
- Schizotypal
38
Which PD is the following associated with? Unusual perceptual experiences including bodily illusions
- Schizotypal
39
Which PD is the following associated with? Odd thinking or speech (vague, circumstantial, metaphorical)
- Schizotypal
40
Which PD is the following associated with? Suspiciousness or paranoid ideation
- Schizotypal
| - Paranoid as well
41
Which PD is the following associated with? Inappropriate or constricted affect
- Schizotypal
42
Which PD is the following associated with? Behaviour or appearance that is off, eccentric or peculiar
- Schizotypal
43
Which PD is the following associated with? Lack of close friends other than first degree relatives
- Schizotypal
| - Schizoid
44
Which PD is the following associated with? Excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity and tends to be associated with paranoid fears rather than fear of negative judgement
- Schizotypal
45
Patients with this personality disorder often have a childhood history of fighting with peers and conflict with adults and meet criteria for conduct disorder
- Antisocial
46
Part of the DSM 5 criteria for antisocial personality disorder states that evidence of conduct disorder must have started before what age?
- 15 years old
47
A pervastive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, occuring since age 15 describes which personality disorder?
- Antisocial
48
How many of the 7 features of antisocial personality disorder must be present for a diagnosis?
- 3 of 7
49
Which PD is the following associated with? Failure to conform to lawful behaviour?
- antisocial
50
Which PD is the following associated with? deceitfulness (repeat lying, using aliases, conning others)
- antisocial
51
Which PD is the following associated with? Impulsivity and failing to plan ahead
- antisocial
52
Which PD is the following associated with? Irritable and aggressive - has repeated fights and assaults
- antisocial
53
Which PD is the following associated with? Reckless disregard for the safety of others
- antisocial
54
Which PD is the following associated with? Consistent irresponsibilty. Does not sustain work behaviour or honor financial obligations
- antisocial
55
Which PD is the following associated with? Lack of remorse
- antisocial
56
Instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect as well as marked impulsivity and present in many contexts describes which personality disorder?
- Borderline
57
How many of the 9 "A" criteria must someone meet for a DSM 5 diagnosis of borderline personality disorder?
- 5/7
58
Which PD is the following associated with? Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment
- Borderline
59
Which PD is the following associated with? Unstable and intense interpersonal relationships. Alternates between idealization and devaluation
- Borderline
60
Identity disturbance (unstable self image or sense of self)
- Borderline
61
Impulsive in 2+ areas that are potentially harmful
- Spending
- Sex
- Substance use
- Reckless driving
- Binge eating
- Borderline
62
Which PD is the following associated with? Recurrent suicidal behaviour, gestures or threats or self mutilation
- Borderline
| - More than 3/4 of those w BPD engage in self harm
63
Which PD is the following associated with? Affect instability due to marked reactivity of mood
- Borderline
64
Which PD is the following associated with? Chronic feelings of emptiness
- Borderline
65
Which PD is the following associated with? Inappropriate, intense anger or difficulty controlling anger (frequent displays of temper, constant anger, recurrent fights)
- Borderline
| - Presumably also antisocial
66
Which PD is the following associated with? Transient, stress related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms
- Borderline
| - can include depersonalization, derealization and even amnesia
67
Dialectical behaviour therapy has been most sucessful in treating which personality disorder?
- Borderline
68
Excessive emotionality and attention seeking behaviour starting in adulthood and present in a variety of contexts is associated with which personality disorder?
- Histrionic
69
Which PD is the following associated with? Uncomfortable when not the center of attention
- Histrionic
70
Which PD is the following associated with? Often sexually inappropriate, seducive or provacative
- Histrionic
71
Which PD is the following associated with? Rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotion
- Histrionic
72
Which PD is the following associated with? Consistently uses physical appearance to draw attention to themselves
- Histrionic
73
Which PD is the following associated with? Considers relationships to be more intimate than they actually are
- Histrionic
74
Which PD is the following associated with? Excessively impressionistic speech that lacks detail
- Histrionic
Ex: if you ask how trip was they say "Absolutely amazing"
- very positive emotionally charged but lacks any detail. Said to impress
75
Which PD is the following associated with? Dramatic, theatrical, and exaggerated expression of emotion
- Histrionic
76
Which PD is the following associated with? Easily influenced by others (suggestable)
- Histrionic
77
How many of the 8 criteria must you have to meet DSM 5 diagnosis of histrionic personality disorder?
- 5 of 8
78
Grandiosity (in fantasy or behaviour) a need for admiration, and lack of empathy are all characteristics of which personality disorder?
- Narcissistic
79
Which PD is the following associated with? Arrogant, haughty behaviours or attitudes
- Narcissistic
80
Which PD is the following associated with? Frequently envious of others and thinks others are envious of them
- Narcissistic
81
Which PD is the following associated with? Lacks empathy
- Narcissistic
| - Also antisocial
82
Which PD is the following associated with? Which PD is the following associated with? takes advantage of others for personal gain (interpersonal expoitative)
- Narcissistic
83
Which PD is the following associated with? Sense of entitlement
- Narcissistic
84
Which PD is the following associated with? Requires excessive admiration
- Narcissistic
85
Which PD is the following associated with? Believes they are special and can only associate with and be understood by other high status people
- Narcissistic
86
Which PD is the following associated with? Preoccupation with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty or ideal love
- Narcissistic
87
Which PD is the following associated with? Grandiose sense of self importance
- Narcissistic
88
Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation are all traits of which personality disorder?
- Avoidant
89
At least how many of the 7 criteria must a person meet to be diagnosed with avoidant personality disorder?
- 4 of 7
90
Which PD is the following associated with? Avoids occupational activties that involve interpersonal contact with others due to fear of criticism, disapproval, or rejection
- Avoidant
91
Which PD is the following associated with? Being unwilling to get involved with others unless certain of being liked
- Avoidant
92
Which PD is the following associated with? Shows restraint in intimate relationships due to fear of being shamed or ridiculed
- Avoidant
93
Which PD is the following associated with? Pre-occupation with being criticized or rejected in social situations
- Avoidant
94
Which PD is the following associated with? Inhibition in new interpersonal situations due to feelings of inadequacy
- Avoidant
95
Which PD is the following associated with? Seeing themselves as socially inept, personally unappealing, or inferior to others
- Avoidant
96
Which PD is the following associated with? Reluctance to take personal risks or engage in new activities because they may prove to be embarrassing
- Avoidant
97
Can SSRIs or benzodiazepines be helpful in those with avoidant personality disorder?
- Yes
- Benzos ideally used only when attempting to enter previously avoided situations (short term) but in some instances can be used long term
- SSRI helpful in treating social anxiety disorder so used for avoidant as well
98
The need to be taken care of which leads to submissive and clinging behaviour and fears of separation is seen in which personality disorder?
- Dependent
99
Which PD is the following associated with? Preoccupation with fears of being left alone to care for ones self
- Dependent
100
How many of the 8 criteria must be met for a diagnosis of dependent personality disorder?
- at least 5
101
Which PD is the following associated with? Seeking relationships out as a source of support when another close relationship ends
- Dependent
102
Which PD is the following associated with? Feeling uncomfortable or helpless when alone due to ++ fears of being unable to care for themselves
- Dependent
103
Which PD is the following associated with? Lack of self confidence in judgement makes initiating projects or doing other things alone difficult
- Dependent
104
Which PD is the following associated with? Difficulty in disagreeing with others due to fear of losing their approval
- Dependent
105
Which PD is the following associated with? Requiring others to assume responsibility for major areas of their lives
- Dependent
106
Which PD is the following associated with? Goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance and support from others to the point of volunteering to do unpleasant things
- Dependent
107
Which PD is the following associated with? Difficulty making everyday decisions without an excessive amount of advise
- Dependent
108
Someone with a preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control that comes at the expense of flexibility, openness and efficiency most likely suffers from this personality disorder
- Obsessive compulsive
109
How many of the 8 criterion must someone meet for a DSM 5 diagnosis of Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder?
4 of 8
| - The only one where 4 is needed and there are more that 7 total (ie: usually if 8 or more you need 5)
110
Which PD is the following associated with? Preoccupation with details, rules, lists, order organization or schedules (major point of activity is lost)
- Obsessive compulsive
111
Which PD is the following associated with? Perfectionism that interferes with task completion
- Obsessive compulsive
112
Which PD is the following associated with? Excessive devotion to work and productivity at expense of leisure and socializing (not accounted for my economic necessity)
- Obsessive compulsive
113
Which PD is the following associated with? Overconscientious, scupulous, and inflexible regarding matters or morality, ethics or values
- Obsessive compulsive
114
Which PD is the following associated with? Unable to discard warn-out/worthless objects even when they have no sentimental value
- Obsessive compulsive
115
Which PD is the following associated with? Reluctance to delegate tasks unless they do things exactly as they request
- Obsessive compulsive
116
Which PD is the following associated with? Views money as something to be hoarded for future catastrophes.
- Obsessive compulsive
117
Which PD is the following associated with? Shows rigidity and stubbornness
- Obsessive compulsive
118
Is Obsessive compulsive PD associated with Obsessive compulsive disorder?
- No
| - Previously thought to but very few with OCD will have co-morbid OC personality disorder
119
A person with obsessive compulsive personality disorder is said to be ego dystonic or ego syntonic?
Ego-syntonic
- Meaning they see traits as being suitable and correct (not an issue)
- Those with OCD identify their own traits as problematic
