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Psychiatry / Addiction Medicine > Personality Disorders > Flashcards

Personality Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder etiology and risk factors ?

A

Not well understood

Speculation that may be associated to low self-esteem acquired as a child

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2
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder procedures / therapy / surgery ?

A

Group and family

Individual

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DPT)

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3
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder symptoms ?

A

People with BPD are often uncertain about who they are. As a result, their interests and values can change rapidly. They also tend to view things in terms of extremes, such as either all good or all bad. Their views of other people can change quickly. A person who is looked up to one day may be looked down on the next day. These suddenly shifting feelings often lead to intense and unstable relationships.

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4
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder symptoms ?

A

People with this disorder are usually able to function at a high level and can be successful socially and at work.

Symptoms include:

Acting or looking overly seductive

Being easily influenced by other people

Being overly concerned with their looks

Being overly dramatic and emotional

Being overly sensitive to criticism or disapproval

Believing that relationships are more intimate than they actually are

Blaming failure or disappointment on others

Constantly seeking reassurance or approval

Having a low tolerance for frustration or delayed gratification

Needing to be the center of attention

Quickly changing emotions, which may seem shallow to others

**they do not get other people emotions, it is all about them ( they hurt other people and have problems with relationships) **

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5
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder genetics?

A

Twin studies support genetic association

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6
Q

Antisocial Personality DisorderProcedures / therapy / surgery ?

A

Group, marital, and community program seem most effective

Individual psychotherapy considered ineffective
wont really unless specialist in specific type of personality disorder

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7
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder diagnostic criteria ?

A

Instability of personal relationships, self-image, and marked impulsivity

Frantic efforts to avoid abandonment
they will do anything to stay in a relationship

Unstable and intense personal relationships

Alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation
“I love you…I hate you…”

Significant and persistent unstable self-image

Impulsivity (i.e. elaborate spending, substance abuse)

Recurrent suicidal behaviors, threats, or self-mutilation
control method ( breka up then they intend to hurt themselves to save relationship)

Intense mood disturbances (i.e. intense irritability)

Chronic feelings of emptiness

Transient, paranoid stress-related paranoia

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8
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorder etiology and risk factors ?

A

Unknown but theory that lack (or excess) of parental appreciation for childhood accomplishments

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9
Q

Dependent Personality Disorder causes?

A

Causes of dependent personality disorder are unknown. The disorder usually begins in childhood. It is one of the most common personality disorders and is equally common in men and women.

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10
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder clinical pearls ?

A

Excessive emotionality and attention seeking

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11
Q

Histrionic Personality DisorderHistrionic Personality Disorder complications ?

A

Strained relationships

Career challenges

Legal

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12
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder symptoms?

A

A person with antisocial personality disorder may:

Be able to act witty and charming

Be good at flattery and manipulating other people’s emotions

Break the law repeatedly

Disregard the safety of self and others

Have problems with substance abuse

Lie, steal, and fight often

Not show guilt or remorse

Often be angry or arrogant

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13
Q

Whats is Dependent Personality Disorder ?

A

Dependent personality disorder is a mental condition in which people depend too much on others to meet their emotional and physical needs.

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14
Q

Dependent Personality Disorder prognosis ?

A

variable

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15
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder causes?

A

Causes of avoidant personality disorder are unknown. Genes or a physical illness that changed the person’s appearance may play a role. 1% of the population has avoidant personality disorder.

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16
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder prevalence ?

A

1 – 2% More women (but may be under diagnosed in men)

Common among psychiatric and emergency room patients (i.e. suicide attempt…self mutilation)

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17
Q

What is Avoidant Personality Disorder ?

A

Avoidant personality disorder is a mental condition in which a person has a lifelong pattern of feeling very:

Shy
Inadequate
Sensitive to rejection

**they are afraid of rejection and criticism **

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18
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder prognosis ?

A

Many patients can manager their symptoms

Prognosis worse if other personality disorders involved

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19
Q

Dependent Personality Disorder prevalence ?

A

More women 0.5-3%

Common among mental health treatment centers
dependent on mental health provider

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20
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder Prevalence ?

A

2-4% male and 0.5 – 1.0% female

Strong correlation to Conduct Disorder as a child

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21
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorder causes?

A

Cause of this disorder is unknown. Early life experiences, such as particularly insensitive parenting, are thought to play a role in the development of this disorder.

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22
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder prognosis?

A

generally good

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23
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder etiology and risk factors ?

A

Unknown & speculated related to stagnated emotional growth Unknown & speculated related to stagnated emotional growth

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24
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder causes?

A

Cause of borderline personality disorder (BPD) is unknown. Genetic, family, and social factors are thought to play roles.

Risk factors for BPD include:

Abandonment in childhood or adolescence

Disrupted family life

Poor communication in the family

Sexual, physical, or emotional abuse

BPD tends to occur more often in women and among hospitalized psychiatric people.

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25
Q

Dependent Personality Disorder medications ?

A

SSRI

Anxiolytics (but limited)

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26
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder DSM criteria ?

A

Pervasive pattern of violating rights of others
they do not care about your feelings
they do not conform to social norms

> 15 yo

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27
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder three of the following are needed ?

A

criteria plus at least 3 of these:

Failure to conform to social norms – leading to arrest

Deceitful

Impulsive

Irritable and Aggressive

Reckless

Failure to sustain regular work

Lack of remorse for actions cause they do not care ( “ it is like a wire has been clipped”)

28
Q

DBT –developed for Borderline Personality Disorder and now used in other areas. Combination of?

A

CBT for emotion regulation and

Reality testing with concepts of mindful awareness

29
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder treatment?

A

Talk therapy is considered to be the most effective treatment for this condition. It helps people with this disorder be less sensitive to rejection. Antidepressant medicines may be used in addition.

30
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder other symptoms ?

A

Other symptoms of BPD include:

Intense fear of being abandoned

Cannot tolerate being alone

Frequent feelings of emptiness and boredom

Frequent displays of inappropriate anger

Impulsiveness, such as with substance abuse or sexual relationships

Repeated crises and acts of self-injury, such as wrist cutting or overdosing

31
Q

Dependent Personality Disorder procedures / therapy / surgery ?

A

Group & Marital interventions

CBT

32
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder genetics?

A

Appears to be a relatively strong genetic component

Also appears to be a link between histrionic and antisocial disorder

33
Q

What is Narcissistic Personality Disorder ?

A

Narcissistic personality disorder is a mental condition in which a person has:

Anexcessive sense of self-importance

An extreme preoccupation with themselves

A lack of empathy for others

they are not the problem, everyone else is the problem

34
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder procedures / therapy /surgery ?

A

Group and individual counseling can be helpful however these patients often are reluctant to disclose information for fear of rejection

back to the future guy

35
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorder diagnostic criteria ?

A

Pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts- five (or more) of the following:

Grandiose sense of self-importance Preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty

Believes he/she is “special” and unique

Requires excessive admiration

Has a sense of entitlement

Interpersonally exploitative, i.e., takes advantage of others.

Lacks empathy: is unwilling to recognize or identify with the feelings and needs of others

Is often envious of others

Shows arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes

they think of themselves as they are the most important person

36
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorder procedures / therapy / surgery ?

A

Group and family

Individual

37
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorder prognosis ?

A

Poor and may worsen over time

Linked to significant depression

38
Q

Dependent Personality Disorder diagnostic criteria ?

A

Excessive need to be taken care of

Needs others to assume responsibility for their life

Fear of expressing disagreement for fear of losing someone

Lack of self-confidence so fear of initiating activities

When one relationship ends, aggressively searches for another relationship as a source of care and support

Unrealistically fears taking care of self

**avoidant avoids but this is the complete opposite - they are dependent - need someone to take care of all aspects of their lives **

39
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder diagnostic criteria ?

A

Avoids activities that involve significant interpersonal contact – due to fear of criticism, rejection, or disapproval

Restrained in interpersonal relationships

Preoccupied with being criticized

Feels socially inept

Reluctant to take personal risks

Inhibited in new social situations

40
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder diagnostic criteria ?

A

Center of attention

Inappropriately sexually

Seductive or provocative

Rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotions

Physical appearance for attention seeking
-dress well and odd for attention

Speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacks detail

Theatrical and exaggerated expression of emotion

Considers relationships more intimate than they really are

they have to be center of attention

41
Q

Dependent Personality Disorder etiology and risk factors ?

A

Childhood where dependent behaviors encouraged and independent behaviors discouraged

42
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder causes ?

A

Causes of histrionic personality disorder are unknown. Genes and early childhood events may be responsible. It is diagnosed more often in women than in men. Doctors believe that more men may have the disorder than are diagnosed.

Histrionic personality disorder usually begins by late teens or early 20s.

43
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorder symptoms ?

A

A person with narcissistic personality disorder may:

React to criticism with rage, shame, or humiliation

Take advantage of other people to achieve his or her own goals

Have excessive feelings of self-importance
Exaggerate achievements and talents

Be preoccupied with fantasies of success, power, beauty, intelligence, or ideal love

Have unreasonable expectations of favorable treatment

Need constant attention and admiration

Disregard the feelings of others, and have little ability to feel empathy

Have obsessive self-interest

Pursue mainly selfish goals

44
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder prognosis?

A

Generally poor

Better prognosis associated with higher intelligence, superior social support systems and increased self-discipline

45
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder prognosis ?

A

Poor

This is the most treatment resistant Axis II disorder
dont have to know this

However, problems usually peak in late adolescence and early adulthood

30-40% show significant improvement by 30-40’s

46
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder medications?

A

Little evidence to support pharmacologic treatment however antidepressants may be useful

47
Q

what is Histrionic Personality Disorder?

A

Histrionic personality disorder is a mental condition in which people act in a very emotional and dramatic way that draws attention to themselves.

48
Q

Dependent Personality Disorder symptoms?

A

People with this disorder do not trust their own ability to make decisions. They may be very upset by separation and loss. They may go to great lengths, even suffering abuse, to stay in a relationship.

Symptoms of dependent personality disorder may include:

Avoiding being alone

Avoiding personal responsibility

Becoming easily hurt by criticism or disapproval

Becoming overly focused on fears of being abandoned

Becoming very passive in relationships

Feeling very upset or helpless when relationships end

Having difficulty making decisions without support from others

Having problems expressing disagreements with others

49
Q

What is Antisocial Personality disorder ?

A

Antisocial personality disorder is a mental condition in which a person has a long-term pattern of manipulating, exploiting, or violating the rights of others. This behavior is often criminal.

Hanniblal Lecter
Clockwork Orange

50
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorder medications ?

A

Little evidence to support pharmacological use except to treat other conditions such as depression

MEDS DO NOT WORK

51
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder symptoms?

A

People with this disorder cannot stop thinking about their own shortcomings. They form relationships with other people only if they believe they will not be rejected. Loss and rejection are so painful that these people choose to be lonely rather than risk trying to connect with others.

A person with avoidant personality disorder may:

Be easily hurt when people criticize or disapprove of them

Hold back too much in intimate relationships

Be reluctant to become involved with people

Avoid activities or jobs that involve contact with others

Be shy in social situations out of fear of doing something wrong

Make potential difficulties seem worse than they are

Hold the view they are not good socially, not as good as other people, or unappealing

52
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder causes?

A

Cause of antisocial personality disorder is unknown. Genetic factors and environmental factors, such as child abuse, are believed to contribute to the development of this condition. People with an antisocial or alcoholic parent are at increased risk. Far more men than women are affected. The condition is common among people who are in prison.
Fire-setting and cruelty to animals during childhood are often seen in the development of antisocial personality.

53
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder medications?

A

Lithium

Carbamazepine

Sodium valproate

Risperidone

SSRI - less so

54
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder has a strong correlation with that disorder as a child ?

A

Conduct Disorder

55
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder prognosis?

A

People with this disorder may develop some ability to relate to others. With treatment this can be improved.

56
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder Etiology & Risk Factors ?

A

Thought to originate with disturbances in normal parental separation as a child
- thinking it comes from separation as a child

May also be due to other parental problems such as poor expression of affection, over criticism, and other developmental trauma

**not schizo cause they know what they are doing **

57
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorder prevalence ?

A

< 1%

Slightly more common in men

**not as common as some of the other personality disorders **

58
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder medications ?

A

SSRI’s may be helpful as well as anxiolytics however little research exists to support the effectiveness

59
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder medications ?

A

Generally poor responses to medications

However, SSRI, bupropion and antipsychotics may help alleviate some of the aggressive behaviors

this is the most resistant to tx of all personality disorders

60
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder prevalence ?

A

1-3% mostly women

In men but under diagnosed

61
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder complications ?

A

Without treatment, a person with avoidant personality disorder may lead a life of near or total isolation. They may go on to develop a second mental health disorder, such as substance abuse, or a mood disorder, such as depression.

62
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder procedures / therapy / surgery ?

A

Group & Marital interventions

Individual therapy ( not as useful as group - this goes for most personality disorders)

63
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder prevalence ?

A

0.5 – 2.4% Mostly women

64
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder etiology & risk factors ?

A

Biological and Environmental

Antisocial parent

Alcoholic parent

Non-intact family

Low parental education

Conduct problems

Bullying and criminal
offenses in the family

65
Q

What is Borderline transient disorder?

A

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental condition in which a person has long-term patterns of unstable or turbulent emotions. These inner experiences often result in impulsive actions and chaotic relationships with other people.

Psychiatry / Addiction Medicine (11 decks)

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