Personality Disorders Flashcards
ICD10 personality disorder criteria
- Requires an impairment in self and interpersonal functioning (relation to self and others), and the presence of pathological traits.
- Criteria:
Significant impairment in self (identity or direction) and interpersonal (empathy or intimacy) functioning
One or more pathological traits
Impairment in functioning and pathological trait are stable across time and situations
Are not better understood as normative for developmental stage or socio-cultural environment
Are not due to the direct effect of substance or medical condition
What is personality? (& theories)
The combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual’s distinctive character
- Enduring
- Manifest and relatively stable across different settings and time
- Considered as set from adulthood onwards
- Shapes habits and interests (which do change)
Personality affect on health
- Neuroticism as a risk factor
- Neurotic: headache, asthma, arthritis, ulcer and heart disease
- Extraversion and conscientious as protective traits
- Type A, B, C and D
How does a personality become disordered?
• Nature vs Nurture
- Genetics
- Trauma
- Abuse
What are the personality disorders under ICD10?
What is a paranoid personality disorder?
Guarded, defensive, distrustful. Hypervigilant (others seek to undermine or harm). Seek evidence of scheming. Feel righteous but persecuted. Hard to work and form relationship with. Short tempered.
What is a schizoid personality disorder?
Schizoid - apathetic, indifferent, remote, solidarity, humourless, odd fantasies. Neither want or need human attachment. Prefer to be alone. Little interest in others (a ‘loner’). Minimal emotional intelligence or feelings in others. Few drives or ambitions. Avoid socialising or interacting.
What is a dissocial personality disorder?
Dissocial - impulsive, irresponsible, deviant and unruly. Act without consideration. Self serving. Disrespect societal customs or norms and rules. See themselves as free and independent. Long pattern of disregard for rights of others, often violating these repeatedly. (are often criminal, often show no empathy, easy to get on with until you deny their needs)
What is a EUPD(B) personality disorder?
EUPD(B) - unpredictable, egocentric, emotionally unstable. Fear abandonment and isolation. Rapidly fluctuating moods. Self loving and self hating. Dichotomous (good and bad). Instability in relations
What is a Histrionic personality disorder?
Histrionic - hysteria, dramatic, seductive, shallow, egocentric, attention seeking and vain. Overreact to minor events. Exhibitionistic to seek attention or favours. Subjectively attractive and charming. Suggestible. Often high-functioning. (like being the centre of attention and if not get angry)
What is an Anankastic personality disorder?
Anankastic - restrained, conscientious, respectful but rigid. Maintain a rule bound lifestyle. Adhere closely to convention. See the world in hierarchies. Subjectively devoted, reliable, efficient and productive. (don’t show emotions well and are perfectionists)
What is an avoidant personality disorder?
Avoidant - hesitant, self-conscious, anxious. Tense in social situations, fear rejection. Plagued by performance anxiety. Subjectively inept, inferior or unappealing. Adequate and sensitive to others perceptions. (hard to make decisions, and in relationships cannot make decision makers)
What is a dependent personality disorder?
Dependent - excessive concern about self care. Complaint, subservient particularly to carer. Encourages others to make decisions about life. Helpless when alone. Preoccupation with abandonment and need significant reassurance or advice for simple decisions.
Explain personality disorder in ICD11
- Removal of diagnostic categories (and age limits)
- Dimensional and descriptive traits
- Dimension of severity (personality difficulty, or disorder is mild, mod, severe)
- Negative affectivity → explosive emotions (blow out of proportion)
- Tendency to experience a broad range of negative emotions with a frequency and intensity out of proportion to the situation
- Dissociality → usually criminals
- A tendency to maintain interpersonal distance (social detachment) and emotional distance (emotional detachment)
- Anankastic → constantly check, self conscious
- Disregard for the rights and feelings of others, encompassing both self-centredness and lack of empathy
- Detachment → was the old avoidant and dependent
- A tendency to act rashly based on immediate external or internal stimuli (i.e. sensations, emotions, thoughts), without consideration of potential negative consequences
- Disinhibition → impulsivity
- A narrow focus on one’s rigid standard of perfection of right and wrong, and on controlling one’s own and others behaviour and controlling situations to ensure conformity to these standards.
• There is a ‘borderline pattern’ qualifier
What is borderline personality disorder?
Explain CBT
