Personality disorders

Question 1

WHAT IS A PERSONALITY DISORDER?

i) what is there problems with? how long has this persisted?
ii) how does the disturbance manifest? (2) what behaviours are seen?
iii) where does the disturbance manifest? what is it assicated with?

Answer 1

i) problems with self/interpersonal dysfunction that has persisted over an extended period of time (>2yrs)
ii) manifests in patterns of cognition, emotional expuernce, behaviours that are maladaptive

ii) happens in a range of personal and social situations
- associated with substantial distress or significant impairment in psychosocial function

Question 2

EUPD

i) what is it?
ii) what patterns of thinking are seen? what behaviour is seen?
iii) what relationships may be seen
iv) name three risk factors?

Answer 2

i) emotional instability/affective dysregulation - very intense, changeable, uncontrollable emotions
ii) see disturbed patterns of thinking and perception - cognitive or perceptual distortion
iii) impulse behaviour with intense but unstable relationships
iv) RFs - environemental and social circumstances, early life experience and genetic factors

Question 3

EUPD CO-MORBIDITIES

i) what may influence the neurodevelopmental change seen? which three areas may change be seen?
ii) which NT is dysregulated?
iii) name three other co morbids that need to be considered

Answer 3

i) n dev changes due to early life adversity
- change in orbitofrontal cortex (planning and decisions),
amygdala (intense and reactive emotions)
hippocampus (behav regulation)
see ‘manipuulative’ behaviour

ii) serotonin
iii) substance misuse, dpression and anx, complex PTSD/trauma, psychotic illness, eating disorders

Question 4

COMPLEX PTSD

i) what is it?
ii) name three things that are severe and persistent
iii) what do the symptoms cause

Answer 4

i) disorder developing following exposure to an event or series of events that are extremely threatening

ii) problems in affect regulation
beliefs about self are dminished, worthless, shame, guilt
difficulty in sustaining relationships and feeling close to others

iii) symps can cause signif impairment in psyschosocial functioning

Question 5

TREATMENT

i) name three bio
ii) name three psycho
iii) name three social
iv) what four things are used in dealectical behaviour therapy

Answer 5

i) bio - medication isnt reccom by NICE, treat co morbid disorders, support substance misuse
ii) psycho - dialectical behaviour therpay, psychoeducation, crisis and risk management, cognitive analytical therapy, mentalisation based therapy
iii) MDT care, help with social factors, support networks, recovery college

iv) interpersonal effectiveness - social skill training
distress tolerance - control of impulsive actions
mindfullness - observe and participate in present moment
emotional regulation - strategies for changing emotions quickly and how to respond

Question 6

ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER

i) what may they do for personal gain?
ii) name thee other traits seen

Answer 6

i) exploits and manipulates for personal gain
ii) lack concern for others, disregards normal social behaviour, anger outbursts, lacks guilt, blames other, breaks the law repeatedly

Question 7

OTHER TYPES OF PERSONALITY DISORDER

what is seen in

i) paranoid
ii) schizoid
iii) anankastic (obessive compulsive)
iv) dependent
v) avodidant
vi) histrionic

Answer 7

i) suspicious, misconstrue friendly actions as hostile, conspiracies
ii) withdraw from social contexes, fantasy, limited capacity to express feeling
iii) doubt, perfectionism, excessive concienciousness, rigid, preocc with details
iv) reliance on others, helpness, fear of abandonment
v) extremely shy, social inhibition, inadequate, sensitive to rejection
vi) shallow, labile affect, self dramatisation, theatrical, exaggerated