Personality disorders Flashcards
What is a personality disorder
Deeply ingrained and enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour
Not in line with person’s culture
Pervasive and inflexible
Onset in adolescence or early adulthood
Stable over time
Leads to distress or impairment
What are the risk factors for personality disorders
Low socioeconomic status
Social reinforcement of abnormal behaviour
Genetics
Poor parenting
Parental deprivation
Abuse during childhood
What are the types of personality disorders
Cluster A
- Paranoid
- Schizoid
Cluster B
- Emotionally unstable
- Dissocial
- Histrionic
Cluster C
- Dependent
- Avoidant
- Anankastic
What are the clinical features of paranoid personality disorder
SUSPECT
Suspicious of others
Unforgiving
Spouse fidelity questioned
Perceive attack
Envious
Criticism not liked
Trust in others reduced
Self-reference
What are the clinical features of schizoid personality disorder
DISTANT
Detached affect
Indifferent to praise or criticism
Sexual drive reduced
Tasks done alone
Absence of close friends
No emotions
Takes pleasure in few activities
What are the clinical features of emotionally unstable personality disorder
AM SUICIDE
Abandonment feared
Mood instability
Suicidal behaviour
Unstable relationships
Intense relationships
Control of anger poor
Impulsive
Disturbed sense of self
Emptiness
What are the clinical features of dissocial personality disorder
CORRUPT
Callous
Others blamed
Reckless disregard for safety
Remorseless
Underhanded
Poor planning
Temper
What are the clinical features of histrionic personality disorder
PRAISE
Provocative behaviour
Real concern for physical attractiveness
Attention seeking
Influenced easily
Shallow
Egocentric
What are the clinical features of dependent personality disorder
RELIANCE
Reassurance required
Expressing disagreement is difficult
Lack of self-confidence
Initiating projects is difficult
Abandonment feared
Need others to assume responsibility
Companionship sought
Exaggerated fears
What are the clinical features of anxious personality disorder
CRIES
Certainty of being liked needed before interactions
Restrictions to lifestyle to maintain security
Inadequacy felt
Embarrassment potential prevents new activities
Social inhibition
What are the clinical features of anankastic personality disorder
LAW FIRMS
Loses point of activity
Ability to complete tasks compromised
Workaholic
Fussy
Inflexible
Rigid
Meticulous attention to detail
Stubborn
What investigations are needed for personality disorders
Questionnaires
Psychological testing
CT/MRI head
What are the differential diagnoses for personality disorders
Mood disorder
Psychotic disorder
Substance misuse
What is the management of personality disorders based on the bio-psycho-social model
Thorough risk assessment
Biological
- Atypical antipsychotics (short-term use)
- Mood stabilisers
- Antidepressants
- Treat mental health co-morbidities
- Treat substance misuse
Psychological
- CBT
- Psychodynamic psychotherapy
- Dialectical behavioural therapy (improves impulse control)
Social
- Support groups
- Substance misuse services
