Personality, Attitude and Motivation. Flashcards

1
Q

What is personality?

A

The patterns of thoughts and feelings and the way in which we interact with our environment and other people that make us a unique person.

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2
Q

What is the trait theory?

A

Inherited from parental genes
Innate and predictable behavior
Natural

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3
Q

What is a drawback of the trait theory?

A

Behavior is not always predictable especially in certain environments.

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4
Q

What is a benefit of the trait theory?

A

Accounts for natural behavior.

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5
Q

What is the social learning theory?

A

Contrasts trait theory
Behavior is all learnt
Personality isn’t genetically programmed.

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6
Q

What is a drawback of social learning theory?

A

It doesn’t explain genetically inherited factors.

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7
Q

What is a benefit of social learning theory?

A

Accounts for learnt behavior

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8
Q

What is the interactionist theory?

A

Combines both trait and SLT

Psychological core, typical response and role-related behavior.

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9
Q

What is a drawback of the interactionist theory?

A

Not a simple approach and can be difficult to discover core.

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10
Q

What is a benefit of the interactionist theory?

A

It can explain twice as much as the other 2 theories.

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11
Q

What is an extrovert?

A

Outgoing,
Aroused more slowly than introverts
Low sensitivity of the reticular activating system.

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12
Q

What is an introvert?

A

Shy and reserved
aroused more quickly than extroverts
High sensitivity of the reticular activating system.

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13
Q

What is neurotic?

A

extreme and unpredictable emotions
unreliable moods
high degrees of stress
recovery from stress is slow.

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14
Q

What is stable?

A

Predictable emotions
don’t experience intense stress
recovery from stress is rapid.

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15
Q

What are characteristics of type a personalities?

A
Highly competitive
Works fast
Strong desire to succeed
Likes control
Prone to suffer stress
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16
Q

What are characteristics of type b personalities?

A
Non-competitive
Works slower
Lacks a desire to succeed
Does not enjoy control
Less prone to stress
17
Q

What is anxiety?

A

a negative emotional state that is closely associated with arousal.

18
Q

What is state anxiety?

A

Anxiety that is felt in a particular situation.

19
Q

What are the flaws in Cattell’s research?

A

Self- Serving Bias

It takes a long time to complete test.

20
Q

What is the social learning theory?

A

Behavior of others copied through observation.

New behavior being acquired after observation but only when it is endorsed through social reinforcement.

21
Q

Conditions that support Social Learning.

A

Observer wants to adopt the norms and values
Role model is powerful and authoritive
Role models are same gender
Behavior is demonstrated by significant other.

22
Q

What is the psychological core?

A

Internal
True self
Stable and constant

23
Q

What is typical response?

A

Changeable
Learned
Response to environmental situations

24
Q

What is role related behavior?

A

External
Dynamic and changeable
Role related behavior is a direct consequence.

25
Advantages of personality profiling.
Helps with controlling anxiety or arousal Position in team or leadership Motivation Links between mood and performance Identify traits for successful performance Understand how athlete feels/thinks
26
Disadvantages of personality profiling.
``` Reliability Modification Invalidity Subjectivity Evidence Proof Stereotyping ```
27
What is attitude?
An attitude is a mode of behavior that is thought to be the typical response of an individual. Mental state of readiness. Predisposition.
28
What are the three components of the triadic model?
Affective Cognitive Behavioral
29
What is the cognitive component?
Beliefs and knowledge | Information component
30
What is the behavioral component?
How a person intends to behave or respond towards an attitude.
31
What is the affective component?
Feelings or an emotional response towards an attitude.
32
What is dissonance?
An emotional conflict
33
Elements to persuasive communication theory
Persuader Message Situation Recipients
34
What are sterotypes?
a belief held by a collection of people about traits shared by a certain category of person.
35
What is social norm?
behaviors that are deemed 'normal' within a culture and are created through socialization.
36
What is motivation?
The internal mechanisms and external stimuli which arouse and direct our behavior.
37
What is drive?
Directed motivated or energized behavior that an individual has towards achieving a certain goal.
38
What is intrinsic morivation?
Internal e.g. enjoyment, pride, feelings, satisfaction.
39
What is extrinsic motivation?
External e.g. money, medals, badges and records