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Sport Psychology > Personality and Psychological Assessment Ch: 15 > Flashcards

Personality and Psychological Assessment Ch: 15 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the psychological core?

A

a persons basic personality, unchanging over time.

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2
Q

What is the peripheral states?

A

aspects of a persons basic personality that are constantly fluxing.

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3
Q

What is personality?

A

dynamic interaction between core traits and peripheral states.

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4
Q

How does Hollander define personality?

A

psychological core, typical responses, and role related behaviors.

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5
Q

What are typical responses?

A

predictable behaviors in response to daily events that are slightly less entrenched than core traits.

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6
Q

What are role-related behaviors?

A

the most superficial, and therefore malleable aspect of the personality.

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7
Q

What is the constitutional theory?

A

Sheldon’s theory of somatotypes or basic body types, that predict personality.

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8
Q

What is the psychobiological theory?

A

Dishman’s theory that biological factors interact with psychological variables to produce and index of exercise compliance.

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9
Q

What behaviors are most susceptible to be influenced by the social environment?

A

Role Related Behaviors

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10
Q

What are the six theories of personality?

A

Biological, psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral, trait, and interactional.

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11
Q

What is an ectomorph?

A

Characterized by leanness and angularity of build, responds with a high level of activity, tension, and introversion.

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12
Q

What is a mesomorph?

A

Very muscular and athletic responding to environmental stimuli with aggression, risk taking, and leadership.

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13
Q

What is an endomorph?

A

A rounder body type that reacts behaviorally with joviality, generosity, affection, and social ability.

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14
Q

What is Dishman’s contention?

A

Those biological factors, such as body composition, interact with psychological variables like motivation, to produce an index of exercise compliance.

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15
Q

What is psychoanalytic theory?

A

Freud’s controversial theory that if human behavior is basically unregulated and we are left to our own devices, we would be self-destructive.

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16
Q

What is the psychoanalytic theory based on?

A

The intrapsychic model focussed on pessimism and pathology.

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17
Q

What is the intrapsychic model?

A

Freud’s separation of the personality into three components- id, ego, and superego-that constantly compete for dominance over our psyche.

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18
Q

If an individual’s Id wins is the most dominant, what kind of person are they?

A

a thrill seeker in constant search of pleasure.

19
Q

If an individual’s super ego wins is the most dominant, what kind of person are they?

A

a dogmatic moralist or a rule follower.

20
Q

If an individual’s can balance super ego and Id, what kind of person are they?

A

a mix of the pleasure seeking id and non moralistic superego called ego.

21
Q

Why does the Freudian psychoanalytic model have a limit for sports psychologist?

A

sport participants aren’t different from the average individual in their psychological issues.

22
Q

Which model contradicts Freud’s psychoanalytic theory?

A

the humanistic model, a belief that human nature is basically good and based on free choice we have the ability to change and grow

23
Q

WHat are the three humanistic philosophers?

A

Rousseau, Maslow, and Rogers.

24
Q

With Freud’s psychoanalytic model, how are bad impulses monitored?

A

laws, rules, and customs.

25
Q

With this monitoring of psychoanalytic behavior who is to blame if a person doesn’t turnout?

A

society

26
Q

How does a humanist view society?

A

the strictness has the potential to be a corrupting force; a person turns out bad because society interfered in some way.

27
Q

What does Roger’s focus on?

A

maximum adjustment for a fully functioning person.

28
Q

What is Maslow’s idea of self-actualization?

A

someone who maximizes their potential across a broad spectrum of human endeavors.

29
Q

What is behaviorism?

A

human natural is neutral, not good or bad but a result of genetic endowment interacting with learned experiences.

30
Q

Who came up with the concept of behaviorism?

A

Pavlov of Russia, then Watson from the U.S. followed.

31
Q

How are psychoanalyst and behaviorists different?

A

Psychoanalysts believe there’s a lasting effect from traumatic events as a child, whereas behaviorists believe that yes, early experiences can be reinforced, but is also changeable later in life.

32
Q

What big 5 personality traits did McCrae and Costa establish?

A

extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, conscientiousness, and openess to experiences.

33
Q

Define an extrovert:

A

social, active, and tendency to experience positive emotional states, characteristics commonly found in athletes.

34
Q

Define an agreeable person:

A

relates to interpersonal style, those who are agreeable easily establish rapport and are teachable opposed to those who aren’t that tend to be negative and unapproachable.

35
Q

Define a neurotic person:

A

someone with poor coping skills that results in psychological distress.

36
Q

Define a conscientious person:

A

a contrast of a well organized, diligent person, and a disorganized, laxed one.

37
Q

Define someone with openess to experience:

A

relates to creativity, sensitivity, and behavioral flexibility, and indicator of good mental health.

38
Q

What does the NEO Personality Inventory (PI) measure?

A

the 5 big personality traits.

39
Q

Which psychologists researched trait theory?

A

Allport, Cattell, and Eysenck.

40
Q

What is trait theory?

A

personality, composed of enduring traits or predispositions that respond in similar ways across a variety of situations.

41
Q

Can trait theory predict wrong?

A

Yes, but there is a tendency for personality traits to be persistent, predictable, and measurable.

42
Q

What is the interactional model?

A

human behavior is the product of the interaction between the person and the environment.

43
Q

What is Kurt Lewin’s formula for the interactive model?

A

B=f(P,E)

*function of the person and the situation or environment.

44
Q

What are the seven sources from the Endler and Hunt Model?

A

Person (P), Situation (S), Modes of Response (M-R), and Residual (PxSxM-R).

Sport Psychology (2 decks)

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