Personality And Attraction Flashcards
How does personality affect individuals
Your personality affects your ability to connect with others and the range of people with who, you can connect,
How can personality be defined
As a suite of correlated behavioural tendencies of individuals that are relatively stable across situations and times. Personality is social, personal and creates specific relational needs.
Who was one of the first researchers to explore the links between extraversion and attraction
Eysenck
How did Eysenck describe extraverts
More talkative, optimistic, excitement-seeking and socially assertive than introverts
Their attention to interest in and experience of sex means that they tend to have greater sexual partners and offspring
Extraverts are also more prone to infidelity and their children are more likely to be exposed to step parents
What is the history of narcissism
Narcissism was introduced by Ellis and later elaborated by Freud to describe a person over-interested in the self and trying to keep away anything that would threaten his or her ego, even at the expense of others.
How does Kernberg and Kohut describe narcissism
Vulnerable, inadequate self resulting from unfulfilled childhood needs
What are the essential features of narcissism
Narcissistic personality disorder was included in the DSM-III. Essential features are a grandiose sense of self-importance, an excessive need for admiration and a lack of empathy towards others.
What is the DSM definition of the narcissistic personality inventory
Entitlement Superiority Self-sufficiency Vanity Authority Exploitative Exhibitionism
What are the attributes of a narcissistic
Narcissistic people-
Have a grandiose self-image
Crave attention and admiration
Brag and show off, dominate conversations
Entertain illusions of their own superiority
Have contempt for others
Affiliate with high status others
Fantasise about personal success
Believe they are special and deserve special treatment
Getting ahead is more important
What does high agency mean in terms of personality structure
High agency refers to dominance, power, achievement, success and independence
What does low communion mean in terms of personality structure
Low communion refers to affiliation, intimacy, warmth, caring
What is the personality structure of a narcissistic individual
They have high agency
They have low communion
What is Paulhus’ perception of narcissists
Narcissists are liked initially by interaction partners, on first meeting they make a good impression, are temporarily perceived as agreeable, competent, well adjusted, entertaining and exciting.
This soon wears off after several interactions, later evaluated as arrogant, bragging and hostile.
Narcissists experience significant interpersonal costs in their pursuit of status and esteem
What do overall studies agree about Narcissists …
They communicate a sense of entitlement
They take advantage of others to help them achieve their goals
They have a competitive orientation
They unduly steal credit from others for joint interpersonal task performance but blame others for failure
Narcissists react aggressively to criticism and negative evaluators and following social rejection
Move on to different groups of people all time- fail to learn from their mistakes
What do Narcissists lack
They lack empathy, narcissism and global empathy are negatively correlated (WATSON ET AL)
Empathy is a key ingredient in building and maintaining relationships it fosters smooth social interactions and empathy helps people affiliate and bond.
