PERSONAL JURISDICTION

Question 1

Pennoyer v. Neff (Due Process Requires)

Answer 1

• For any purpose other than to subject property of a non-resident to valid claims against him in the state, “due process of law would require:
• Appearance , or
• Personal Service of process

Question 2

International Shoe v. Washington TEST

Answer 2

“Minimum Contacts” with the form state is sufficient for courts to exercise Personal Jurisdiction if exercising PJ does not offend the “traditional notions of fair play and substantial justice.”
Whether Jurisdiction is permissible depends on:
- The “quality and nature” of the contacts with the forum state. (In some cases, a Single Contact is sufficient).
- Contacts that are “casual” or “isolated” are not sufficient.

Question 3

Shoe Spectrum:

Answer 3

• No Contacts = No jurisdiction
• Casual / Isolated Contacts = No Jurisdiction
• Single Act = Specific Jurisdiction
• Continuous, but limited = Specific Jurisdiction
• Substantial or Pervasive = General Jurisdiction