Personal Hygiene Flashcards
factors affecting hygiene
Perspiration Elimination Emesis (vomit) Wound drainage Bed rest
What does soap and aging do to skin?
Makes it dry and easy to damage
oral hygiene
Keep mouth clean
Prevent dental infection
Help food taste better
Prevent dry mouth
causes of dry mouth
Meds Decreased fluid intake O2 administration Smoking Mouth breathing Anxiety (decreased secretions)
report and record
Sores in their mouth Pain Odour (unusual) Discolouration Bleeding, swelling and redness in gums Dry mouth Cracked, swollen lips Missing teeth
Unconscious mouth care (every 2 hours)
use a sm amt of fluid
turn ct to the side so excess fluid runs out
even though they’re unconscious remember to tell them what you are doing
bathing clients
May be a shower, bath or bed bath They have planned bath days in LTC Soap and aging cause dry skin that is easily damaged Ask about using soap on people many don't like it on their face Collect all necessary items before starting. Cover for warmth and privacy Check water temp Don't leave soap in the H2O Wash clean to dirtiest Encourage ct to help Rinse soap off Don't forget to wash under breasts Wash in the skin folds Observe the ct's skin during bathing
Reporting rashes
Dry skin Bruises Open areas Pale or red areas over the bony part (bony prominence) Swelling of feet and and legs Corns, calluses on feet c/o pain or discomfort
tub vs shower
ct preference
Check water temperature
Don’t leave the person in the tub for longer than 20mins
Make sure the mechanical lifts are working
Turn hot water off first
Never leave a person unattended
back massage
Stimulates circulation
Using lotion, reduces friction
Report red areas
female peri care
Wash your hands Collect your supplies Provide privacy Lower bed rail closest to you Adjust bed height Position ct on their back Flex knees and spread legs Put gloves on Separate labia clean straight down middle, use different side of cloth for sides Cleaning rectal area Clean buttocks first, then separate and then clean front to back Rinse and dry Remove gloves and wash hands
male peri care
- Wash your hands Collect your supplies Provide privacy Lower bed rail closest to you Adjust bed height Position ct on their back Grasp penis (retract foreskin) Clean the tip using a circular motion start at the urethral opening and work outward If they have a foreskin return it to their natural position Clean down the shaft Around scrotum and rinse and dry Cleaning rectal area Clean buttocks first, then separate and then clean front to back Rinse and dry Remove gloves and wash hands
hair care
Alopecia - Hair loss Could be thinning hair Causes include skin disorder stress, nutrition, pregnancy and medication Hirsutism - Excessive and increased hair growth in women in locations where hair is normally minimal or absent Dandruff - Excessive amt of dry white flakes on scalp May cause itching Medicated shampoos help Pediculosis - Lice Parasites that live on the human body very difficult to get rid of Use medicated shampoo Use comb to get rid of eggs
report and record hair care
Scalp sores Flaking Presence of lice Hair loss Very dry on very oily hair
why wear gloves when hair care
Open sores
Head lice
Medicated shampoo
shaving
Women’s legs, armpits, faces, mens faces
Use a different razor for different clients, and different parts of the body
Pull skin taut
Shave in the direction of the hair growth for face and armpits
Razors that have been used go in the sharps container
(If they are on blood thinners, may not want to use cheap razors)
foot care
Is a very important part of daily personal care it prevents infection, injury and odour
Feet are easily injured
Shoes that fit properly are important because poor fitting shoes cause bunions, calluses, corns, blisters or ingrown nails
It’s your responsibility to check feet every day
Generally nails are easier to trim and clean when they have been softened
Cut straight across and file the corner
When someone has had a stroke dress the affected side first and then the unaffected.
compression stockings
Can be thigh high or knee high, Wash by hand, Sized for each ct, Ensure no creases/wrinkles, Put on in the am before getting out of bed
causes of skin breakdown
Sx Trauma Pressure from unrelieved area Decreased blood flow Nerve Damage
friction
two surfaces moving in opposite directions
shearing
is a mixture of friction and pressure
abrasion
scraping away/rubbing skin
laceration
open wound with torn edges
skin tear
Rip/tear in the skin
Skin tears are very common in older people with thin fragile skin
Most common places for tears are hands, arms and lower legs
common causes of wounds
Friction and shearing from moving when transferred Bumping lim or hand on hard surface Holding leg too tight Bathing and dressing (buttons, zippers) Jewellery
pressure ulcer
decubitus ulcer
decubitus ulcer
Occur over bony prominences called pressure points * Places where pressure ulcers can develop: Coccyx Elbows Spine Behind ears Hip Between knee Ribs (side lying) Shoulder blades Ankles Ulcers can develop under folds in the skin b/w buttocks and b/w toes People at risk for developing pressure ulcers: Bed ridden Confined to wc Altered mental awareness Contractures Problems sensing pain Circulatory problem Obese/Very thin people
signs or pressure ulcer
Pale skin, warm, reddened are, c/o burning, tingling
Stages of Pressure Ulcers
Skin is intact - there is redness over bony prominence. Colour doesn’t return to normal when pressure is relieved. (Way to check for pressure ulcer, report!)
Particle thickness - Skin loss cracks, blisters and peeling
Full thickness skin loss - Area is open and the wound is draining
Full Thickness - Tissue loss visible bone and muscle
Stage X - Unable to stage because of black area covering the wound
how to prevent pressure ulcers
repositioning clients, and moisturize bony prominence. Don’t put cream in a crack unless it is prescribed.
protective devices for ct
*Bed cradles - devices used to keep blankets off residents feet. Used to relieve pressure. Trochanter rolls, under the legs Special mattresses Special gel pads Booties on feet to protect heels
circulatory ulcer
Caused by decrease blood flow through arteries or veins. (painful and difficult to heal)
venous ulcer
Open sores on the lower leg
