Person Centered Mental Health Flashcards
What is the definition of mental health?
Is a state of emotional and social well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively or fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community. (WHO, 1999)
What is mental health promotion?
Mental health promotion is any action taken to maximize mental health and well-being among populations and individuals. (Ottawa Charter)
What does the holistic Aboriginal definition of health include?
- mental health
- suicide and self harm
- emotional
- psychological and spiritual well-being
What percentage of people have their first menal illness by the ages of 18 and 25?
18: 50%
25: 75%
When figuring out the causes of mental illness we must consider predisposing and precipitating factors. Explain the difference between each.
Predisposing factors: characteristics present before the development of a disorder, and places a person at higher risk for developing the disorder.
Precipitating factors: stressors implicated e.g. bereavement sexual abuse, unemployment, poverty.
There are also organic and functional causes of mental illness. Name the subcategories for each.
Organic:
- biological
- genetic
Functional:
- environmental
- due to early life experiences
Name three things that can contribute to the biological causes of mental illness.
- genetic e.g. mood disorders
- degenerative e.g. alzheimers
- trauma e.g. dementia, psychosis
- poisons e.g. mental retardation
- infections e.g. Creutzfeldt-Jakob
- vitamin deficiencies (thiamine)
What must we consider in socio-cultural factors of mental health?
- cultural background
- social position
- bereavement
- disasters
- developmental transitions
- gender
Name two protective factors and explain each.
Individual factors
- temperament, attachment to family, good coping style, intelligence, optimism
Family factors
- supportive, caring parents, secure safe family, stable family, supportive relationship with another adult
School context
- sense of belonging, positive school climate, school against violence
Life events and situations
- economic security, good physical health, opportunities at critical life transitions
Community and cultural
- sense of connectedness, attachment and networks within community, strong cultural identity, access to support services
What are the two nursing classifications used in mental health?
NANDA
- North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA)
- trying to avoiding using this
PND-1
- Psychiatric Nursing Diagnosis
- only one has been published so far and is not widely used in the field
Name the two major medical classification systems.
ICD-10
- International Classification of Diseases
DSM-IV-TR
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Explain the DSM-IV-TR.
- descriptive, it’s based on symptoms rather than cause
- diagnostic criteria specified for each disorder
- includes a systematic description
Labelling is very strongly advised against. Name two reasons why.
- labels can stigmatise
- individuals sees him or herself in a negative light, have less hope of recovery and perhaps make less effort at recovery
- affect the ways others deal with the person
- even clinicians fall prey to stereotypes
