Persian Wars

Question 1

How many persian wars where they

Answer 1

5

Question 2

What was the Persian’s preferred battle tactic?

Answer 2

archery, fighting from a distance

Question 3

Why would the Ionians contact Athens for help? Why would the athenian’s agree?

Answer 3

trade partner relationship was already established; Ionians can’t pay tribute and work as colonists to help greece at the same time; Athenian navy had the power to stop the Persian advance to keep them out of mainland greece(sparta wouldn’t have helped)

Question 4

How did the Persians react to leaving Ionia?

Answer 4

burned down Miletus

Question 5

What was the significance of Phidippides travel to Sparta?

Answer 5

He ran the first marathon, which is still used today as a term for a 26.2 race.

Question 6

What battle strategy did Miltiades’ Greeks use in the battle of marathon?

Answer 6

flanking (then return to defend the cavalry)

Question 7

who won the battle of marathon

Answer 7

greeks

Question 8

what was significant about the battle of marathon

Answer 8

athens won without sparta; battle showed that even the great force of Persia could be defeated

Question 9

How did the result of the previous battle lead to the start of the battle of thermopylae.

Answer 9

Inspired greek nationalism, united against COMMON ENEMY; spartans determined to prove themselves; Xerxes find a different way into greece since Darius’ route across the Aegean was unsuccessful

Question 10

How were greeks able to hold off such a large Persian army?

Answer 10

Bottleneck control of pass between mountains and sea; phalanx was impenetrable.

Question 11

How were the Persians able to defeat the spartans in the battle of thermopayle?

Answer 11

traitor told of a path used to attack greeks from behind

Question 12

Who retreated? why did the 300 refuse to escape with the others?

Answer 12

The greeks minus 300 spartans retreated upon seeing their upcoming loss. Spartans were trained that surrender = cowardness, so the 300 stayed to hold off the persians for other greeks to re-form and fight again at another location and to build back spartans reputation

Question 13

Which side won the battle of thermopylae?

Answer 13

Persians

Question 14

What was significant about the victory of the battle of thermopylae

Answer 14

showed spartan bravery and skills; avoided total greek decimation; Persians advanced toward the rest of greece with confidence.

Question 15

How did the result of the previous battle lead to the start of the battle of Salamis?

Answer 15

Athenians fled after Xerxes; forces bested the spartans (best warriors in existence.); Xerxes destroyed Athens as revenge for heavy losses at thermopylae

Question 16

Why did the athenians sail to nearby islands in panic in the battle of salamis?

Answer 16

They saw xerxes on the war path and knew they were next

Question 17

What strategies did Themistocles; Greeks use in the battle of Salamis?

Answer 17

Trickery-offer to change sides and half forces surrender; Greeks knew the geography (like at Thermopylae) and bottle necked Persians in sea channel to negate Persian ships size advantage–could not maneuver in tight space. The Greeks then rammed into the persian ships

Question 18

Which side won the battle of salamis?

Answer 18

greeks

Question 19

What was significant about the victory of the battle of Salamis?

Answer 19

Inspired hope again for Greeks to maybe win the war; demoralizes Persians and sent them running back to the hellespont. The persians did not know the greek waterways.