Persian Conquests Flashcards
Who came to abu bakr with the advice of conquering iraq?
Cheif of banu bakr tribe, hazrat muthana
What did hazrat muthana say to abu bakr
He went to madinah and told caliph that many arab tribes in Iraq were under persian rule. He suggested that Muslims should free these tribes and bring them under muslim rule.
Why did abu bakr agree to hazrat muthana suggestion
Because prophet muhammad had predicted that islam would spread to iraq and syria.
Describe the background of perisan conquests
Hazrat muthana got everything ready for an attack on eastern iraq. He was also told that a bigger muslim army led by hazrat khalid bin waleed would soon join the fight.
Who was the governor of Uballa?
*Uballa was a city in which there was kazima (place)
Hormuz
What did hazrat khalid write to hurmuz in letter before battle of kazima
Accept islam and you will be safe if not , agree to pay jizya or you will have to repent, I am bringing against you people who love death as you love life.
Why is battle of kazima called battle of chains?
Because the people were chained together with each other so no one could flee from battlefield
What causes the persian army to flee from the battlefield in the battle of kazima
Death of hurmuz as he was killed by hazrat khalid bin walid in single combat
What were the outcomes of battle of kazima
Rich booty fell into the hands of the muslims and thousands of soldiers were taken as captives.
Cause of battle of mazar?
When the persian emperor gets to know that the Muslims have won the battle of kazima and Persians have lost he sends another army under Qarin to help hurmuz’s army
Who came forward from single combats in battle of mazar?
Maqal bin al Ashi Vs Qarin
How many people were killed in battle of mazar and what was the outcome?
30, 000 and the people of mazar agreed to pay jizya.
Who was the persian ruler
Rustam
By whom was the battle of walaja being led by?
Andarzaghar
What was the number of Muslim army in the battle of walaja
10,000
Single combat in the battle of walaja was between whom and whom
Khalid bin waleed VS Hazarmard
What happens to andarzaghar
He fled to a desert but due to thirst and hunger he died
In the battle of ullies single combat was between whom and whom?
Khalid bin walid VS abdul aswad
Main events of battle of ullies
Muslims were first losing the battle as the persian army greatly outnumbered them but then hazrat khalid prays to allah and help of allah is being sent and the Muslims get motivated and the persians started fleeing
What happens in fall of hira
After battle of ullies hazrat khalid marches toward hira but governor azadbeh fled to madain. By fall of hira eastern iraq was conquered and a treaty was being signed by muslims and Persian rulers of hira that they will pay 200,000 dirhams as jizya annually
What battles were fought to conquer eastern iraq?
Battle of kazima
Battle of mazar
Battle of walaja
Battle of ullies
Fall of hira
Who was governor of anbar
Sheraz
Why is the battle of Anbar also called battle of eyes
Because since the anbar was at a higher altitude, Muslims camped below Anbar and hazrat khalid using this in a beneficial way ordered the archers to shoot in the arrows of persian army hence Persians lost their eyes
What strategy did hazrat khalid adopt to climb anbar
Hazrat khalid slaughtered weak camels and added their waste into the ditch to climb up
What happened when muslims entered anbar
Sheeraz surrendered on one condition that hazrat khalid would let the persian army leave anbar peacefully
Who was Persian forces leader in battle of ain at tamr.
Mehran bin bahram jabeen
Who was supporting persisn forces in battle of ain at tamr and who was the leader of that force
Christians were supporting and their leader was aqqa
Main events of battle of ain at tamr
Persians were being supported by christians and persians stayed at ain at tamr while the cristians went on the roads to kill the muslims however their leader aqqa was captured alive by hazrat khalid and the christians fled to ein at tamr hoping that the persians would help and support them but when they reached there they got to know that the persians under mehran had already fled to madain so the cristians closed the gates of the city forcing hazrat khalid to besiege them and at the end they had to surrender.
Events the battle of damatul jandal
Damat ul jandal had been conquered duduring the prophet lifetime and its leader , aeikad had agreed to pay jizya however after the prophet’s demise , he refused and so caliph abu bakr sent ayad bin ghannam to capture the town though he was not successful so he wrote a letter to hazrat khalid asking for help and when aeikad got to know about hazrat khalid planning to attack he left the town tho he was captured at jordan by hazrat khalid’s army and hazrat khalid laid seige on the town and 2000 christians were killed.
Events of battle of firaz
When hazrat khalid reached outer edge of persia , he got to know that the persians forces were being supported by both the christians and romans. And the opponent army was 10 times greater than the muslim army. So hazrat khalid prayer to allah and promised/ vowed to do pilgrimage if he is victorious in the battle and the muslims won at the end.
What battles were fought to conquer western iraq
Battle of anbar
Battle of ain at tamr
Battle of damatul jandal
Battle of firaz
When did the conquests of Syria start
634AD
Who was made the commander of muslims in iraq
Hazrat muthana
The 4 groups that abu bakr has assembled against syrian conquests…who were the leaders ? And of how many people did each group consist of
7000 men each
Amr hin al Aas , Yazid bin abu Sufyan, abu ubaidah , shrubail bin hasana,
How much force was hazrat khalid bringing towards syria
37, 000
What happened when hazrat khalid reached basra
He saw that the army of shrubail was already fighting with romans with its 7000 troops
Events of battle of Basra
So when hazrat khalid bin walid was going towards syria, on the way when he reached a place called basra he found out that shrubail with his 7000 troops was fighting with the romans…and since the romans greatly outnumbered Muslims…the romans were winning but then hazrat khalid’s army joined the muslims and hazrat khalid gave invitation of islam to the governor of basra…and he accepted islam…the byzantines locked themselves in the city and the muslims entered through an under ground tunnel and the byzantines were killed in great numbers
Who was byzantine emperor
Heraculus
How many roman forces were there in the battle of ajnedain
It varies from 100,000 to 240,000
How many forces of hazrat khalid were in battle of ajnedain
40,000
How many people from both sides were killed in battle of ajnedain
50,000 byzantines
450 martyred Muslims
What happened in battle of ajnedain
A byzantine spy was sent to Muslim camps to investigate and he informed the jews that muslims were ready to fight at the cost of their lives and were confident enough so the byzantines sent a respected person from their side to muslims and offered hazrat khalid to surrender as well as giving 1 robe 1 turban and 1 dinar to Every person however giving 100 dinar 100 turban and 100 robes to everyone however hazrat khalid rejected the offer
Describe the events of seige of Damascus
The survivors from the byzantine army lock themselves in the Damascus and hazrat khalid besiege damascus however the death of abu bakr causes the army to lift up the siege from them hence it isnt fully captured and later it was captured during the caliphate of hazrat umar
