Persia and Greece Flashcards
1
Q
Astyages
A
- He was king of the Median empire
- He dreamt that his daughter’s son would overthrow him in the future
- He married her of to Cambyses 1st and she got pregnant
- He brought her back to kill the baby when he was born
- Harpagus was ordered to kill the baby but couldn’t so gave Cyrus to shepards who raised him
- He was defeated by Cyrus
2
Q
Cyrus
A
- He was brought up by shepards
- He defeated Astyages
- He was the leader of Persian empire
3
Q
Conquest of Lydia
A
- Croesus was the king of Lydia
- Croesus was a friend of Astyages and wanted revenge on Cyrus
- Their first battle ended in a stalemate
- Croesus went home for the winter but Cyrus kept up the pressure and they fought in Lydia
- They were overrun and Croesus fled to Sardis
- They were overrun again due to them leaving a wall unguarded because they thought it was impossible to penetrate
4
Q
Conquest of Babylon ( Cyrus )
A
- No battle
- ## Cyrus freed exiled and sent them home to jeruselum and became their liberator
5
Q
Pasargadae
A
- Located in the heart of Persia in a fertile valley in the Zagros mountains
- Consisted of buildings in spacious gardens filled with shrubbery and trees
- 400 acres of gardens and waterways were 1100m in length
- Cyrus lived in Palace P, the main palace
- Palace S was a huge hallway which had 4 figures in
6
Q
Death of Cyrus
A
- He died in 529
- He was killed by his wife Tomyris, queen of massasgatae
- His body was decapitated and his head was dipped in blood
7
Q
Conquest of egypt ( cambyses )
A
- happened in 525
- An egyptian helped cambyses by leading him near all the water and supplies and to then Amasis, the king of egypt.
8
Q
death of cambyses
A
- He was about to confront the imposter on the throne of his brother and stabbed himself with his own sword when he jumped on his horse in the thigh, bleeding out.
- This was the same place he stabbed a sacred cow
9
Q
Darius
A
- He got elected king after his horse was the first to neigh at dawn
10
Q
Liar kings
A
- There were seven of them
- They pretended to be sons of previous kings such as cyrus
- They were killed after Darius thought they were liars
11
Q
Babylon revolt
A
- The Persians sent a man called Zopyrus into Babylon with no ears and nose and pretended to have been tortured
- They trusted him and during a persian invasion, he let them in through the back gate
- Persians had won
12
Q
Darius Building Projects
A
- 2 of his many building projects are the Egyptian canal and the Royal roads
- Egyptian canal : - joined nile and red sea
- allowed more trade routes - Royal roads : - connected the empire together
- allowed for more trade
- allowed travel between cities
13
Q
Scythia campaign
A
- 513
- Darius built a bridge and made many troops guard it who were then encouraged to destroy it and go home
- As the persians marched on the scythians retreated but destroyed all of the persians supplies
- Darius and his army were forced to retreat and left all the sick and wounded behind
- This however did prevent the scythians from invading Media again
14
Q
Conquest of Thrace
A
- 512
- Darius left Megabazus in charge
- He was vary successful
- Thrace had many resources allowing persians to build more ships
15
Q
Ionian revolt
A
- 499 to 493
- Aristagoras fell out with artaphernes and Darius after a failed invasion of Naxos
- Aristagoras managed to convince many ionian cities to rid of their tyrants and revolt
- He then travelled to mainland greece and got help from Athens
- Cyprus then joined in and Persia made that their top priority to take back control cause of their navy
- They first destroyed Sardis and a very religious statue along with it making persians very angry
- a final naval battle occurred at the island of lade where persians came off victorious
