Persia Flashcards
Who was Cyrus II?
King of Persia between 559-530BCE.
“Cyrus The Great”
What places did Cyrus conquer?
Cyrus conquered Medes, Lydians, Babylonians and brought the Levant and cities of Ionian to the Persian Empire.
Who was Cambyses II?
Cambyses II was the son of Cyrus and the King of Persia between 530-522 BCE.
What places did Cambyses attempt to conquer?
Cambyses successfully conquered Egypt, but failed to conquer Carthage, Ethiopia and Ammonians.
Who was Darius I?
King of Persia after Cambyses’ death. Reigned between 522 and 486BCE.
“The Merchant”
What places did Darius conquer?
Darius conquered the Indus Valley, Thrace and many Greek Islands. He failed in conquering Athens.
Who was Xerxes I?
Xerxes I was the son of Darius and the King of Persia between 486 and 465BCE.
Where did Xerxes attempt to conquer?
Xerxes attempted in conquering Athens, for a second time and failed.
How did Cyrus conquer the Sardis?
Cyrus conquered Sardis, the capital of Lydia, by placing it under siege after Cyrus won a battle by placing camels in the front line. Sardis asked Sparta for help, but before they could arrive, Cyrrus had conquered the City by sending his soldiers over the city’s walls.
How did Cyrus conquer Babylon?
Cyrus conquered Babylon, a strong city, by winning a battle in front of the city’s gates, and placing it under siege. Afterwards, during a festival in the city, he dug waterways into the river flowing into the city, and made it shallow enough for his soldies to walk in, letting them ambush the Babylonians.
What happened when Cyrus attempted to attack the Massagetae?
After being warned by Croesus to not grow cocky, Cyrus decided to attack the Massagaetae.
Firstly, he tricked the Massagetae who only drunk milk, into getting drunk and captured the son of Tomyris, who killed himself after his capture.
This lead to a pitched battle between the Massagetae and the Persians, leading to the Persians being defeated and Cyrus being killed on the battlefield.
Who was Croesus?
Croesus was the King of Lydia before Cyrus conquered Lydia, however after it was conquered, Croesus became an advisor to Cyrus and Cambyses II
Who was Tomyris?
Tomyris was the Queen of the Massagetae who warned Cyrus to not confront her. After his death, she placed his head in a ‘bag of blood’.
Who was Herotodus?
Herotodus was a Greek historian who wrote about the causes and course of the wars between the Greeks and the Persians from 499-479 BCE. He is the main suriving source on the Persian Kings.
Who was the Battle of Marathon between?
Persia and Athens
