Persecution and reform Flashcards
What did the synod do under Pole and when?
1556; Issued twelve decrees on clerical discipline against abuses
When was Pole recalled to Rome and by who?
1557; Pope Paul IV
When did Mary’s burnings begin?
1555
Who were the Oxford martyrs and when were they burned?
Bishop Hooper, Bishop Ridley and Hugh Latimer; 1555
Why did persecutions begin?
The reintroduction of heresy laws in 1555
How many members of the clergy were burned between 1555 and 1557?
21
Who was burned while giving birth and her baby was thrown back on the fire after she threw it from the flames?
Perotine Massey
What belief system did Mary’s Catholicism centre around?
Humanism
How many editions of the Sarum Primer were made?
35
How many editions of primers were made during Edward’s reign?
17
What Catholic practices were left out of Mary’s reforms?
Icons and pilgrimages
Which group did Pole refuse help from?
The Jesuits
How many copies of Bonner’s book were published?
10,000
Who did Mary use to reform the Church without including rituals?
Oxford academics
Give an example of a Protestant book widely circulated during Mary’s reign
The Hunting of the Romish Wolf
What wider changes hindered Mary’s reforms?
Paul IV becoming pope in 1555
When did the counter-reformation begin?
1545 with the Council of Trent
How many exiles did Mary make?
4000
How did Hull react to the persecutions?
They drove their priest out of town
How did Suffolk react to the persecutions?
They put out their fires so the coal could not be used for pyres
When did burnings peak?
1557
When did the burnings begin?
1555
When was Cranmer burned?
1556
When were the Oxford martyrs burned?
1555
What reform did Mary plan but died before she could perform it?
A recoinage programme to reduce debasement/inflation
When were crown finances restructured and what did this give the Treasury?
1552; Control over 75% of the crown income instead of the previous 30%
How many new ships did Mary build?
Six
How much extra money did the crown earn in 1558 and why?
£29,000; Mary surveyed crown holdings and increased rent on crown land
