Perscpectives In Psychology Flashcards
Criticism of structuralism
Problem with consciousness (accuracy of self-report and level of awareness) gives no role to unconscious processes (thoughts and perceptions which we may not be aware of )
Psychoanalytic theory -Sigmund Freud
He was the first comprehensive theory of personality. (Early 20th century, in Vienna,Austria)
Name of Freud’s psycholotherapy
Psychoanalysis (goal to gain access to the unconscious mind)
3 parts of psychoanalytic theory
ID (develops first ), Ego (after ID, when you get a bit older) and Superego.
ID is the …. (PP)
Pleasure principle
Ego is the…. (RP)
Reality principle
Unresolved conflict during childhood manifests itself as conflict and anxiety in adulthood is an example of….
Psychoanalytic theory
4 types of methods Freud used to access the unconscious mind
Hypnosis, free association, projective tests, Freudian slips
What is latent content?
Stuff I don’t know until I am told. (what does this symbolize?)
What is manifest content?
Stuff you can remember/describe (particularly about a dream)
The struggle between ID and ego is constant (PE)
Psychic energy
Ego employs defence mechanisms to try and keep out unwanted thoughts and desires (AR)
Anxiety reduction
7 defence mechanisms (RDDRRPS)
Repression, denial, displacement, reaction formation , rationalization, projection, sublimation.
Who was the first major follower to break with Freud?
Alfred Adler (individual psychology)
Adler stressed….
The importance of early childhood experiences forming personality (neglect, pampering)
Birth order according to Adler
Oldest : criminal, pampered to neglect once younger are born
Middle : normal, not pampered, not neglected
Youngest : pampered AF - attention from singling and parents, spoiled, lack of independence long term.
Carl jung
Travelled, analytic psych, closest Freud follower, collective unconscious (inherited and universal)
Name 3 archetypes
Mother (everyone has a mother figure everywhere always), shadow (we have a good side and a dark side), anima and animus (we look to complete our opposite gendered side when searching for a partner)
Persona
Goal of life’s to realize one’s self, your persona is similar to a mask
Introverts vs extroverts
Introverts may not love socializing, finds comfort in own thoughts. extrovert love to meet people, loud.
Synchronicity
Coincidence, two things happen unplanned that has meaning.
The 4 functions (neo-Freudian theories : Jung)
Intuition, thinking, sensing, feeling
Who established her own psychoanalytic theory in the U.S.?
Karen Horney
Karen’s 3 problematic styles
Moving toward people, moving against people and moving away from people.
