Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemical Texture Services > Perms > Flashcards

Perms Flashcards

1
Q

Permanent waving?

A

Adding wave or curl to hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Relaxing?

A

Removing curl, leaving the hair smooth and wave-free

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Curl re-forming (soft curl permanents)?

A

Loosening overly curly hair, such as when tight curls turned into loose curls or waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

____ involve chemically and physically changing the structure of the hair??

A

Chemical texture procedures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Tough exterior layer of the hair. It surrounds the inner layers and protects the hair from damage

A

Cuticle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Middle layer of the hair, located directly beneath the cuticle layer

A

Cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Innermost layer of the hair, often called the pith or core of the hair.

A

Medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A____Is compact and lies tight against the hair strand. It protects the hair from damage and makes it appear smooth and shiny.

A

healthy cuticle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A____ is chipped and dies not lie tight against the hair shaft. because it cannot adequately protect the hair against damage, the hair becomes rough, dull, and prone to split ends and brakeage.

A

Damaged cuticle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pH is an abbreviation used for?

A

Potential hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pH represents the quantity of??

A

Hydrogen ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pH scale measures the ___ and ___ of a substance by measuring the quantity of hydrogen ions it contains.

A

Acidity and alkalinity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The pH scale has a range from?

A

0-14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

pH of 7 is?

A

Neutral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

pH below 7 is?

A

Acidic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pH above 7 is?

A

Alkaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Natural pH of the hair is between?

A

4.5-5.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Raises the pH of the hair to an alkaline state in order to soften and swell the hair shaft. This action opens the cuticle layer and allows the solution to reach the cortex layer, where the restructuring takes place.

A

Chemical texturizers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Coarse resident hair with a strong compact cuticle layer requires a?

A

Highly alkaline chemical solution.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Porous damaged or chemically treated hair requires a??

A

Less alkaline solution.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Compounds made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur??

A

Amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Chemical bonds that join amino acids together, and to end in long chains, to form a polypeptide chain??

A

Peptide bonds (aka end bonds)

23
Q

Long chains of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds??

A

Polypeptide chains

24
Q

Long, coiled polypeptide chains?

A

Keratin proteins

25
Q

Disulfide, salt, and hydrogen bonds that cross-link polypeptide chains together??

A

Side bonds

26
Q

Strong chemical side bonds formed when sulfur atoms in 2 adjacent protein chains are joined together??

A

Disulfide bonds

althoughthere are fewer disulfide bonds than hydrogen or salt bonds, they are the strongest of the 3 side bonds, accounting for about 1/3 of the hairs over all Strength.

27
Q

Relatively weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between negative and positive electrical charges (ionic bonds) they are easily broken by changes in pH and they reform when the pH returns to normal?

A

Salt bonds

the hair has so many salt bonds that they account for about 1/3 of the hairs total strength.

28
Q

Weak physical side bonds that are also the result of an attraction between opposite electrical charges?

A

Hydrogen bonds

*hydrogen bonds are easily broken by water(wetsetting) or heat(thermal styling), they reform as the hair dries or cools.

29
Q

Always perform an___ before perming?

A

Elasticity test

30
Q

A wet set brakes__ bonds

A

Hydrogen

31
Q

Permanent wave brakes____ bonds??

A

Disulfide

32
Q

The size of the rod determines the size of the ??

A

Curl

33
Q

Most common type/smaller diameter in the center that increases to a larger diameter on the ends/ produce tighter curl in the center and a looser curl on either side of the strand

A

Concave rods

34
Q

Equal in diameter along their entire length or curling area.??

A

Straight rods

35
Q

Usually about 12 inches long/foam rods have flexible wire inside that permits them to be bent into almost any shape

A

Soft bender rods

36
Q

Usually 12 inches long with uniform diameter-for root perms, in which only the base of the hair is permed in order to create volume and lift without curl

A

Loop rods (aka circle rod)

37
Q

Perm wrap in which one end paper is placed under and another is over the hair being wrapped.??

A

Double flap

38
Q

Similar to the double but uses only one end paper, placed over the top to the strand of the hair?

A

Single flat wrap

39
Q

Uses one paper folded in half over the hair ends laid an envelope.??

A

Bookend wrap

40
Q

Are subsections of panels into which the hair is divided for perm wrapping?

A

Base sections

41
Q

Refers to the position of the rod in relation to its base section??

A

Base placement

42
Q

Positions of rollers?

A

On base, 1/2 of base, off base

43
Q

The angle at which the rod is positioned on the head-horizontally, vertically, or diagonally??

A

Base direction

44
Q

Backward, forward, or to one side/wrapping with the natural direction of hair growth causes the least amount of stress to the hair?

A

Directional wrap

45
Q

_____ is Wrapped from the ends to the scalp in overlapping concentric layers?

A

Croquignole perm wrap

46
Q

Wrapped at an angle other then perpendicular to the Length of the rod which causes the hair to spiral along the length of the rod like stripes on a candy cane??

A

Spiral perm wrap

47
Q

Hair is wrapped on one rod from the scalp to midway down the hair shaft and another rod is used to wrap the remaining hair strand in the same direction

A

Double rod wrap (aka piggyback wrap)

48
Q

Once in the cortex, the waving solution brakes the disulfide bonds through a chemical reaction called ??

A

Reduction

49
Q

A reduction reaction involves either the addition of ___ or the removal of__?

A

Hydrogen or oxygen

50
Q

Hair coloring products often contain ______ that are not compatible with perm waving

A

Metallic salts

51
Q

Use the same ATG that is used in permanent waving but at a higher concentration and a higher pH (above 10)

A

Thio relaxers

52
Q

Combines use of a thio relaxer with flat ironing ??

A

Japanese thermal straightening (aka thermal reconditioning or TR)

53
Q

Available to salon professionals &I are widely used?

A

Keratin straightening treatments (aka smoothing treatments or Brazilian keratin)

Chemical Texture Services (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions