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6511 Anatomy Exam 2 > Peritoneum and Upper Abdomen > Flashcards

Peritoneum and Upper Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Viscera is associated with what arterial supply?

A

Celiac trunk.

Doe not include the components of the Digestive Tract proper, just the upper accessory viscera.

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2
Q

hepatic

A

liver

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3
Q

cystic

A

gallbladder

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4
Q

pancreatis

A

pancreas

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5
Q

sphlenic

A

spleen

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6
Q

gastric

A

stomach

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7
Q

colic

A

colon

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8
Q

recto

A

rectum

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9
Q

phrenic

A

diaphragm

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10
Q

peritoneum

A

thin, translucent, serous membrane in the abdomen.

visceral and parietal

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11
Q

intraperitoneal

A

spleen and stomach, completely covered by visceral peritoneum.
where the organs are

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12
Q

retroperitoneal

A

peritoneum that is behind organs. organs may also lay here. duodenum and pancreas

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13
Q

peritoneal sac

A

all visceral and parietal peritoneal membranes

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14
Q

peritoneal cavity

A

-a potential space within the sac.
contains only a small amount of serous fluid
-allow organs to move freely without friction.
-is within the abdominal cavity and goes into the pelvic cavity.

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15
Q

umbillical herniation

A

when the peritoneal cavity fills with fluid and goes through the umbillicus.

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16
Q

greater omentum

A

-attaches to greater curvature of stomach .and transverse colon
-drapes over small intestine like an ‘apron’
‘apron’ = gastrocolic ligament (4 layers of peritoneum)
-functionally it can wall off infections and inflammation sites.
-results in formation of adhesions

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17
Q

lesser omentum

A
  • attaches to lesser curvature of stomach and duodenum
  • 2 portions connect these structures to the liver
  • deep to lesser omentum in omental bursa
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18
Q

hepatogastic ligament

A

lesser omentum. connects liver to stomach

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19
Q

hepatoduodenal ligament

A

lesser omentum. connects liver to duodenum. contains portal triad.

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20
Q

portal triad

A

hepatic a., portal v., and bile duct.

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21
Q

mesentary proper

A
  • Anchors most of the small intestine to posterior abd. wall
  • Runs diagonally from duodenojejunal jxn. to ileocecal jxn.
    - a distance = 15 to 20 cm in adults

-Note: duodenum anchored by suspensory ligament of Treitz

22
Q

suspensory ligament of duodenum (of Treitz)

A
  • Fibromuscular ligament descends from the R. crus of diaphragm
  • Crosses over L. crus & holds distal duodenum in place
  • Prevents duodenojejunal jxn. from sagging
23
Q

Mesocolon

A
  • Anchors portions of the colon to the posterior abdominal wall
  • Ascending & Descending colon have no mesentery
    • attached directly to the posterior wall
  • Transverse Colon anchored by Transverse Mesocolon
  • Sigmoid colon anchored by sigmoid mesocolon
  • Rectum only partially covered with peritoneum
24
Q

What divides the abdominal cavity into two compartments?

A

Transverse mesocolon

supracolic and infracolic compartments

25
Q

supracolic compartment

A

contains stomach, liver and spleen.

26
Q

infracolic compartment

A

contains small intestine and ascending and descending colon
lies posterior to greater omentum
also divided into a right and left infrcolic compartment by the mesentery of the small intestine

27
Q

suprcolic + infracolic comartments =

A

greater sac

28
Q

falciform ligament

A
  • Divides liver into R & L lobes
  • Anchors liver to diaphragm & anterior body wall
  • Round ligament of the liver

-Note: inferior border contains the obliterated umbilical vein.

29
Q

development of falciform ligament

A

left umbilical vein is obliterated after birth and becomes the ligamentum teres hepatis, which then becomes the inferior margin of the falciform ligament.

30
Q

coronary ligament

A
  • Reflections of peritoneum around the bare area of the liver
  • Attach liver to inferior surface of diaphragm

-bare area = upper posterior liver

31
Q

infroumbilical peritoneal folds

A

single layered peritoneal folds.

  • median umbilical fold
  • medial umbilical fold (2)
  • lateral umbilical folds (2)
32
Q

median umbilical fold

A
  • from urinary bladder to umbilicus
  • covers median umbilical ligament
    • fetal urachus
33
Q

medial umbilical folds (2)

A
  • covers medial umbilical ligaments

- occluded portions of umbilical aa.

34
Q

lateral umbilical folds (2)

A

-covers inferior epigastric vessels

35
Q

Medial inguinal fossae =

A

The fossae between the medial and the lateral umbilical folds = inguinal triangles (Hesselbach triangels). Potential sites for direct inguinal hernias.

36
Q

Lateral inguinal fossae =

A

lateral to the lateral umbililcal folds, including the deep inguinal rings. Potential site for most common type of hernia = indirect inguinal hernia

37
Q

Fetal Urachus =

A

original allantoic diverticulum that persists throughout much of development as a stalk which extends from the bladder and is continuous (the allantois) to the umbilical region. As the allantois constricts and becomes the thick fibrous cord, the urachus. It extends from the apex of the bladder to the umbilicus = median umbilical ligament

38
Q

peritoneal pouches

A

Potential peritoneal spaces in standing patients

Becomes actual spaces in recumbent patients

Hepatorenal pouch
Rectovesical or rectouterine pouch

Pathological fluids can accumulate in these recesses

39
Q

heptorenal pouch

A

morrison’s pouch
Bounded by liver, R kidney, colon & duodenum
lowest part of peritoneal cavity when recumbent

fluids may move down to rectovesical/rectouterine pouch – when in reclining position or sitting up
NOTE: kidney is retroperitoneal, and this pouch is directly anterior to it.

40
Q

rectovesical pouch

A

Between rectum & bladder (♂)
another low point of peritoneal cavity when recumbent

fluids here may move up to hepatorenal pouch – when in Trendelenburg position

41
Q

rectouterine pouch

A

(♀)
another low point of peritoneal cavity when recumbent

fluids here may move up to hepatorenal pouch – when in Trendelenburg position

In female – recto-uterine pouch is lowest point in pelvic cavity

42
Q

liver

A

detoxifies chemical products and produces bile

43
Q

gallbladder

A

stores bile for emulsification of fats

44
Q

pancreas

A

produces enzymes for digestion

45
Q

spleen

A

produces lymphocytes and filters blood

46
Q

stomach

A

stores food prior to entering duodenum

47
Q

small intestine

A

primary for chemical digestion

48
Q

large intestine

A

secondary for digestion

49
Q

kidneys

A

filter waste products out of blood

50
Q

adrenal glands

A

cortices produce steroid hormones and medullas act as sympathetic ganglia (release epinephrine & NE)

6511 Anatomy Exam 2 (9 decks)

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