Peritoneum Flashcards
What is the peritoneum?
An epithelial-like single layer of cells (mesothelium) which lines the abodomen cavity
What are the two main type of peritoneum and what do they line?
Parietal peritoneum lines the abdominal wall
Visceral peritoneum suspends organs within the abdominal cavity
(N.B. Green is the visceral peritoneum)
Structures which lie within the peritoneum are known as?
Intrapertioneal structures
Give examples of intraperitoneal structures
Stomach
Liver
Spleen
Superior part of the duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Transverse colon
Sigmoid colon
Superior part of the rectum
Structures that are not suspended in the mesentery and lie between the peritoneum and abdominal wall are known as?
Retroperitoneal structures
What are retroperitoneal structures?
Structures that are not suspended in the mesentery and lie between the peritoneum and abdominal wall
Give examples of retroperitoneal structures
S: suprarenal (adrenal) gland
A: aorta/IVC
D: duodenum (second and third part)
P: pancreas (except tail)
U: ureters
C: colon (ascending and descending)
K: kidneys
E: (o)oesophagus
R: rectum
The potential space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum is known as?
The peritoneal cavity
What are the subdivisions of the peritoneal cavity?
The greater sac
The lesser sac
Describe the location of the lesser sac (aka omental bursa)
Located posteriorly from the stomach and lesser omentum
The greater sac can be divided into two compartments. State their name and the structure that divides them
Supracolic compartment
Infracolic compartment
Divided my the mesentery of the transverse colon (transverse mesocolon)
What structures lie within the supracolic compartment of the greater sac?
Stomach
Liver
Spleen
What structures lie within the infracolic compartment of the greater sac?
Small intestine
Ascending colon
Descending colon
The supracolic and infracolic compartments are connected by?
The left and right paracolic gutters
What is the greater omentum and describe its point of attachment
A peritoneal fold that drapes inferiorly over the transverse colon and coils of the jejenum and illeum
Attatches to the greater curvature of the stomach and first part of the duodenum
As it ascends it finally attatches to the peritoneum of the suprior surface of the transverse colon
The lesser sac and greater sac are connected via an opening known as?
The foramen of winslow
Where is the foramen of winslow situated?
Situated posteriorly from the hepato-duodenal ligament
The free edge of the lesser omentum is known as?
The hepato-duodenal ligament
What are the peritoneal ligaments?
Double layers of peritoneum that connect one organ to another or from an organ to the abdominal wall within the abdominal cavity
List the suspensory ligaments of the liver
Coronary ligament
Right triangular ligament
Left triangular ligament
Falciform ligament
Round ligament
What are the attatchments of the coronary ligament?
Attaches the liver to:
Diaphragm
Right kidney
Right adrenal gland
What is the mesentery?
Peritoneal folds that attatch viscera to the posterior abdominal wall
What is the purpose of the mesentery?
Provide a conduit for vessels, lymphatics and nerves to reach the viscera
