Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anes 540b: Exam 1 TBD > Peripheral Vascular System + Ischemia/Infarction > Flashcards

Peripheral Vascular System + Ischemia/Infarction Flashcards

1
Q

When are arterial pulses palpable?

A

When an artery lives close to the body surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What vascular arches protect circulation to the hand?

A

1) Deep palmar arch

2) Superficial palmar arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What four arteries are palpable in the leg

A

1) Femoral artery
2) Popliteal artery
3) Posterior tibial artery
4) Dorsalis pedis artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which artery protects the circulation of the foot?

A

Arcuate artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Below what ligament is the femoral artery?

A

Inguinal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What aspects of a pulse should an observer note?

A

Intensity
Rate
Rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What aspects of blood vessels should an observer note when taking pulse?

A

Tenderness
Tortuosity
Nodularity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Carotid pulse indicates systolic pressure =

A

60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Radial pulse indicate systolic pressure =

A

90

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A grade of 0 means a pulse is

A

Absent, unable to palpate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A grade of 1+ means a pulse is

A

Diminished, weaker than expected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

A grade of 2+ means a pulse is

A

Brisk, expected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A grade of 3+ means a pulse is

A

Increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A grade of 4+ means a pulse is

A

Bounding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When grading arterial pulses, we look at the right and left

A

Carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vascular history = PICCSS

A

Pain in arms or legs
Intermittent claudication
Cold, numbness, pallor in the legs; hair loss
Color change in fingertips or toes in cold weather
Swelling in calves, legs, or feet
Swelling with redness or tenderness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What lymph nodes are located in the arms?

A

Epitrochlear lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Is peripheral edema more likely to occur in legs or arms?

A

Legs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What lymph nodes are located in the legs?

A

Inguinal lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The S’s of the vascular exam

A

Size
Symmetry
Skin color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hand to use in brachial pulse?

A

Left hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Describe position for brachial pulse?

A

Arm abducted
Elbow slightly flexed
Forearm externally rotated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

On what aspect can you find the brachial pulse?

A

Anterior aspect of elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

To find brachial pulse, palpate:

A

Just medial to biceps tendon + lateral to medial epicondyle of humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
In finding the epitrochlear nodes of the arm, the fourth and fifth fingers fall where?
Above medial epicondyle of humerus
26
What fingers fall on the epitrochlear nodes?
1-3 of left hand
27
If patient has elevated lymph nodes on one side, what condition?
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
28
What parts of the body do epitrochlear nodes drain?
Drain ulnar forearm, hand
29
What parts of the body do axillary lymph nodes?
Drain breast, upper extremity, thoracic wall
30
Which lymph nodes are affected most commonly by Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
Infraclavicular nodes
31
Which nodes are most commonly affected by skin infections, lymphoma, and skin malignancies?
Epitrochlear nodes
32
Which parts of body drained by inguinal nodes?
``` Lower abdomen External genitalia Anal canal Lower third of vagina Lower extremities ```
33
Max enlargement of normal inguinal lymph nodes?
1-2 cm in size
34
What two nodal groups classified as inguinal lymph nodes?
Horizontal + vertical node group
35
Swelling of tissues d/t accumulation of fluids
Peripheral edema
36
What medications may cause edema?
Amlodipine | Pregabalin
37
When, after pressure is applied to small area, indentation persists for some time after the release of the pressure
Pitting edema
38
What circulation-related issues cause edema?
CHF HTN SCA
39
Aging, pregnancy, altitude sickness and alcoholism can all cause
Edema
40
Where should a patient’s hand be during an Allen’s test?
Above the heart
41
During an Allen’s test, within what frame of time should a fist return to normal color?
5-7 seconds
42
What is another name for “Cold Leg”?
Acute Arterial Occlusion
43
What is the name of a vascular disease involving a sudden interruption in the arterial blood supply to a tissue, organ, or extremity?
Acute Arterial Occlusion
44
If left untreated, Acute Arterial Occlusion can lead to
Tissue death
45
Three causes of Acute Arterial Occlusion
Trauma Embolism Thrombosis of an atherosclerosis artery
46
Six Ps of AAO:
``` Pain Pallor Pulselessness Paresthesias Paralysis Poikilothermia ```
47
Treatments for AAO:
``` Inject anticoagulant Thrombolysis Embolectomy Surgical revascularization Amputation ```
48
Inflammation and thrombosis of superficial veins that presents as a painful induration with erythema
Superficial thrombophlebitis
49
Side effects include fever, redness, swelling, or pain in area of clot,Skin feels hot or warm, send me feel tender or hard like a cord, worm like vein seen just under the skin
Superficial thrombophlebitis
50
How to diagnose superficial thrombophlebitis
Doppler ultrasound
51
How to treat superficial thrombophlebitis
Antibiotics, NSAIDS, anticoagulation, surgery
52
How to treat DVT
Anticoagulation
53
How to diagnose DVT
D-dimer + Doppler ultrasound
54
Most common place for clots
Popliteal and superficial femoral
55
How often do clots occur in the common femoral?
8%
56
Veins cannot pump enough oxygen-poor blood back to the heart d/t incompetent valves in lower extremities
Chronic venous insufficiency
57
When chronic venous insufficiency occurs post-DVT, it’s called
Postthrombotic syndrome
58
Besides DVT, chronic venous insufficiency May occur after
Phlebitis
59
Main risks of chronic venous insufficiency
Cellulitis + ulcers
60
Treatments include manual compression lymphatic massage therapy, sequential compression pump, ankle pumps, compression stockings, blood pressure medicine
Chronic venous insufficiency
61
Surgeries for chronic venous insufficiency
Linton procedures | subfascial endoscopic perforator vein surgery
62
Leaflets of valves no longer meet properly, valves become incompetent
Varicose veins
63
AV fistulas are created for
Hemodialysis
64
What causes carotid stenosis?
Atherosclerosis
65
Common site for atherosclerosis?
Bifurcation if common carotid artery
66
How to diagnose carotid stenosis
Carotid bruits on exam, then by color flow duplex ultrasound scan of carotid arteries
67
Major treatment for carotid stenosis?
Smoking cessation
68
Initiating event of aortic aneurysm
Tear in intima of vessel wall, blood flows in, separates intima + adventitia
69
Main cause of aortic aneurysm
HTN
70
Older males are more prone to
Aortic aneurysm
71
Risk of rupture in aneurysm greater than 5 cm in a 5 year period is
25-41%
72
Symptoms of aortic aneurysm rupture
Chest, abdominal, back pain HTN followed by hypotension Patient in shock
73
Placement of endovascular stent via percutaneous technique through femoral arteries into diseased portions of aorta
Aortic aneurysm endovascular treatment
74
Why must you monitor pressure in right arm in patient with aortic aneurysms?
Aortic cross clamp is just distal to left subclavian artery; Occlusion of sorts will prevent BP monitoring in left arm
75
Where should MAPS be maintained above cross clamp in aortic aneurysm surgery?
100 mmHg
76
Where should MAPS be distal to cross-clamp in aortic aneurysm repair?
50 mmHg
77
You want to make sure perfusion is maintained in aortic aneurysm patient, especially to
Kidneys and spinal cord
78
Neuro protecting during aortic aneurysm case?
Spinal cooling and drainage
79
What can SSEP/EEG monitor during aortic aneurysm case?
CNS viability
80
What does TEE assess during aortic aneurysm case? Use with what as adjunct?
Aortic atherosclerosis and valve function ; PA catheter as adjunct
81
What medication before cross-clamping in aortic aneurysm case?
Mannitol improves renal cortical blood flow + GFR
82
Use of DLT In aortic aneurysm case?
Exposure of thoracic aneurysm

Anes 540b: Exam 1 TBD (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions