Peripheral Vascular Flashcards
What does bifurcation mean?
When something divides into two branches or parts.
The distal Aorta _____ into the common iliac arteries.
Bifurcates (Picture Credits Clevland Clinic)
What are capillaries?
The smallest blood vessels that carry blood, nutrients and oxygen to the cells which make up our organs.
What is claudication?
Pain caused by too little blood flow. Often happens in the legs during exercise. May be an indication of peripheral artery disease.
What is PAD an abbreviation for?
Peripheral Artery Disease
What is atherosclerosis?
Narrow or blocked arteries from the build up of fatty deposits from the food that we eat.
What does contralateral mean?
it denotes the opposite side of the body which a particular condition or structure occurs.
Ipsilateral meaning
Occurring or belonging to the same side of the body.
Embolus
Can be a blood clot or air bubble that obstructs and artery. (“Emboli can move”)
Thrombus
Clumps of blood (blood clot) that can form in a vein or artery. (“Stays in place”)
In situ
means in the original place. Ex. The police were able to collect valuable information because the evidence was left in situ. The pt. who has their ulnar nerve trapped (impinged) in the bone has to have it transposed(moved). It cant stay in situ.
Intima
Is the inner most lining of a vessel (remember our body’s structures have layers)
Occlusion
Is a complete or partial blockage of a blood vessel. Artery or vein. Its more serious when it occurs in an artery bc that is what supplies oxygenated blood to tissues.
Patency
means open or unobstructed. (The angiogram showed that his coronary arteries were patent)
Pledget
can be made of felt or PTFE and are used to help reinforce the suture line when performing vascular or cardiac surgery (ResearchGate.net)(aapa.org)
Types of sutures used in PV surgery
Polypropylene, Dacron, polyester, PTFE (nonabsorbable)
Identify these items.
Synthetic grafts (can come in all shapes and sizes to accommodate where they will be used)
The most commonly used autogenous graft for distal bypass of lower extremities.
Saphenous Vein graft (may be used in reverse, non-reverse or in situ) Longest vein in the body, resists infection better than synthetic graft material when used.(Remember veins have valves-they must be stripped away in order to be used)
Dacron (knitted polyester) graft material fact
Must be pre-clotted with the patient’s own blood. (AMS-eg) Knitted velour polyester type does not need to be pre-clotted.
Doppler
type of ultrasound (picture credits Parks ultrasound)
Arteries grow smaller into
arterioles and then capillaries.
Where does nutrients and waste get exchanged in the blood?
capillaries
Arterial layers from outer to inner
Tunica adventitia, Tunica media, tunica intima(you should know this, we just reviewed this layer😊)
Arteriosclerosis
vascular disease where arteries become stiff( they loose their flexibility from factors such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, genetics.
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty
Balloon dilatation of the peripheral artery/ies
Fogarty embolectomy catheter
Used to remove thrombus (blood clot)
