Peripheral Vascular

Question 1

What does bifurcation mean?

Answer 1

When something divides into two branches or parts.

Question 2

The distal Aorta _____ into the common iliac arteries.

Answer 2

Bifurcates (Picture Credits Clevland Clinic)

Question 3

What are capillaries?

Answer 3

The smallest blood vessels that carry blood, nutrients and oxygen to the cells which make up our organs.

Question 4

What is claudication?

Answer 4

Pain caused by too little blood flow. Often happens in the legs during exercise. May be an indication of peripheral artery disease.

Question 5

What is PAD an abbreviation for?

Answer 5

Peripheral Artery Disease

Question 6

What is atherosclerosis?

Answer 6

Narrow or blocked arteries from the build up of fatty deposits from the food that we eat.

Question 7

What does contralateral mean?

Answer 7

it denotes the opposite side of the body which a particular condition or structure occurs.

Question 8

Ipsilateral meaning

Answer 8

Occurring or belonging to the same side of the body.

Question 9

Embolus

Answer 9

Can be a blood clot or air bubble that obstructs and artery. (“Emboli can move”)

Question 10

Thrombus

Answer 10

Clumps of blood (blood clot) that can form in a vein or artery. (“Stays in place”)

Question 11

In situ

Answer 11

means in the original place. Ex. The police were able to collect valuable information because the evidence was left in situ. The pt. who has their ulnar nerve trapped (impinged) in the bone has to have it transposed(moved). It cant stay in situ.

Question 12

Intima

Answer 12

Is the inner most lining of a vessel (remember our body’s structures have layers)

Question 13

Occlusion

Answer 13

Is a complete or partial blockage of a blood vessel. Artery or vein. Its more serious when it occurs in an artery bc that is what supplies oxygenated blood to tissues.

Question 14

Patency

Answer 14

means open or unobstructed. (The angiogram showed that his coronary arteries were patent)

Question 15

Pledget

Answer 15

can be made of felt or PTFE and are used to help reinforce the suture line when performing vascular or cardiac surgery (ResearchGate.net)(aapa.org)

Question 16

Types of sutures used in PV surgery

Answer 16

Polypropylene, Dacron, polyester, PTFE (nonabsorbable)

Question 17

Identify these items.

Answer 17

Synthetic grafts (can come in all shapes and sizes to accommodate where they will be used)

Question 18

The most commonly used autogenous graft for distal bypass of lower extremities.

Answer 18

Saphenous Vein graft (may be used in reverse, non-reverse or in situ) Longest vein in the body, resists infection better than synthetic graft material when used.(Remember veins have valves-they must be stripped away in order to be used)

Question 19

Dacron (knitted polyester) graft material fact

Answer 19

Must be pre-clotted with the patient’s own blood. (AMS-eg) Knitted velour polyester type does not need to be pre-clotted.

Question 20

Doppler

Answer 20

type of ultrasound (picture credits Parks ultrasound)

Question 21

Arteries grow smaller into

Answer 21

arterioles and then capillaries.

Question 22

Where does nutrients and waste get exchanged in the blood?

Answer 22

capillaries

Question 23

Arterial layers from outer to inner

Answer 23

Tunica adventitia, Tunica media, tunica intima(you should know this, we just reviewed this layer😊)

Question 24

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 24

vascular disease where arteries become stiff( they loose their flexibility from factors such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, genetics.

Question 25

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty

Answer 25

Balloon dilatation of the peripheral artery/ies

Question 26

Fogarty embolectomy catheter

Answer 26

Used to remove thrombus (blood clot)