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Neuromuscular > Peripheral Neuropathies > Flashcards

Peripheral Neuropathies Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of peripheral neuropathies?

A

-can affect one or many nerves
-can affect just sensory
-can affect just motor
-can affect both sensory and motor
-the nerve can be damaged in a variety of ways

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2
Q

What are the types of peripheral neuropathies?

A

-mononeuropathies
-polyneuropathies

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3
Q

What are mononeuropathies?

A

usually caused by some kind of nerve entrapment

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4
Q

What is the most common type of nerve injury affecting the general population?

A

mononeuropathies

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5
Q

What is the most common type of nerve entrapment?

A

median nerve

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6
Q

What is the most common cause of polyneuropathy in the USA?

A

diabetes mellitus

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7
Q

What is the most common polyneuropathy worldwide?

A

leprosy

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8
Q

What are the four classification of nerve damage?

A

-neuronal degeneration
-wallerian degeneration
-axonal degeneration
-segmental demyelination

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9
Q

What is neuronal degeneration?

A

degeneration of motor and sensory cell bodies and their subsequent axons

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10
Q

What is wallerian degeneration?

A

damage to the axon at a specific point below the cell body with degeneration distal to the injury

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11
Q

What is axonal degeneration?

A

diffuse axonal damage

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12
Q

what is segmental demyelination?

A

injury to the myelin sheath without injury to the axon

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13
Q

what are the types of mononeuropathies?

A

-compressive injuries
-cranial nerve injuries

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14
Q

What are the types of polyneuropathies?

A

-autoimmune neuropathies
-infectious polyneuropathies
-toxic and metabolic neuropathies
-neuropathies associated with the systemic disease
-hereditary polyneuropathies

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15
Q

What are some examples of autoimmune neuropathies?

A

-AIDP
-CIDP
-paraneoplasticy neuropathy

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16
Q

What are some examples of infectious polyneuropathies?

A

-HIV related polyneuropathies
-lyme disease-associated neuropathies
-leprosy

17
Q

What are some examples of toxic and metabolic neuropathies?

A

-alcoholic neuropathies
-B12 deficiency
-B6 deficiency

18
Q

What are some examples of neuropathies associated with systemic disease?

A

-diabetic neuropathy
-hypothyroidism
-rheumatoid arthritis
-sarcoidosis
-idiopathic polyneuropathy
-critical illness polyneuropathy

19
Q

What are some examples of hereditary polyneuropathies?

A

charcot marie tooth

20
Q

What are the most commonly seen neuropathies in the clinic?

A

-median nerve entrapment
-sciatic nerve entrapment
-bell’s palsy
-diabetic neuropathy
-HIV related polyneuropathies
-alcohol-related polyneuropathies
-B12 deficiency
-idiopathic polyneuropathy
-critical illness polyneuropathy
-charcot marie tooth

21
Q

What is the main intervention for all nerve entrapments?

A

create space, movement, and blood flow

Neuromuscular (7 decks)

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